腰骶丛神经阻滞复合喉罩全身麻醉在老年全髋关节置换术患者中的应用效果  

The Application Effect of Lumbosacral Plexus Block Combined with Laryngeal Mask General Anesthesia in Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty

作　　者：李灵 LI Ling(Qiandongnan Prefecture People's Hospital,Kaili,Guizhou 556000)

机构地区：[1]贵州省黔东南州人民医院,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《智慧健康》2025年第2期56-59,共4页Smart Healthcare

摘　　要：目的探讨腰骶丛神经阻滞复合喉罩全身麻醉在老年全髋关节置换术中的应用效果。方法选择2023年5月—2024年5月在某院行全髋关节置换术的66例老年患者为研究对象,随机将其分为实验组和对照组,每组33例。对照组采用喉罩全身麻醉方式,实验组采用腰骶丛神经阻滞复合喉罩全身麻醉的方式。观察并比较两组的围术期指标(麻醉起效时间、拔管时间、苏醒时间、下床活动时间、住院时间)、血流动力学指标(心率、平均动脉压)、疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分]及不良事件发生情况。结果实验组麻醉起效时间、拔管时间、苏醒时间、下床活动时间及住院时间均优于对照组(P<0.05)。实验组患者的术中心率波动范围和平均动脉压波动范围均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后,两组疼痛程度均较治疗前显著改善,且实验组术后6 h和术后24 h的VAS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。实验组术后不良事件总发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论腰骶丛神经阻滞复合喉罩全身麻醉能够显著缩短麻醉起效时间、拔管时间及术后恢复时间,减轻术后疼痛,稳定术中血流动力学,并降低术后不良事件发生率,具有较高的临床应用价值。Objective To explore the application effect of lumbosacral plexus block combined with laryngeal mask general anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.Methods A total of 66 elderly patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty in a hospital from May 2023 to May 2024 were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 33 patients in each group.The control group received laryngeal mask general anesthesia,while the experimental group received lumbosacral plexus block combined with laryngeal mask general anesthesia.Perioperative indicators(onset time of anesthesia,extubation time,recovery time,time to ambulation,and length of hospital stay),hemodynamics(heart rate and mean arterial pressure),pain levels(VAS score),and incidence of adverse events were observed and compared between the two groups.Results The onset time of anesthesia,extubation time,awakening time,mobilization time,and hospitalization time in the experimental group were all better than those in the control group(P<0.05).The fluctuation range of intraoperative heart rate and mean arterial pressure in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).After surgery,both groups showed significant improvement in pain levels compared to before treatment,and the VAS scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group at 6 and 24 hours after surgery(P<0.05).The total incidence of postoperative adverse events in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Lumbosacral plexus block combined with laryngeal mask general anesthesia can significantly shorten the onset time of anesthesia,extubation time,and postoperative recovery time,reduce postoperative pain,stabilize intraoperative hemodynamics,and reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse events,demonstrating high c linical application value.

关 键 词：腰骶丛神经阻滞 喉罩全身麻醉 围术期 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]