莫迪政府的“全球南方”外交政策探析  

An Analysis of Modi Government’s“Global South”Foreign Policy

作　　者：关培凤[1,2] 李心航 Guan Peifeng

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国边界与海洋研究院 [2]武汉大学国家领土主权与海洋权益协同创新中心

出　　处：《和平与发展》2025年第1期92-121,175,176,共32页Peace and Development

基　　金：武汉大学2024年度中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目“印度对全球南方国家外交的历史与现状研究”(项目编号:413000070)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：近年来,“全球南方”在印度外交政策中的地位越来越突出。从历史维度看,印度对“全球南方”的认知始终与国际格局的演变紧密相连,并呈现出动态调整的特征。莫迪政府的“全球南方”外交政策经历了从1.0时期注重经济发展到2.0时期聚焦印度领导性地位塑造的转变,这种转变植根于印度追求大国地位的诉求,也受到国内经济发展需求和外部对华竞争的双重驱动。在莫迪政府3.0时期,印度正进一步加大对“全球南方”的资源投入,并强化其政策支持力度。然而,印美关系的不确定性以及印度自身的局限性可能对其政策推进构成一定挑战。从整体政策推进程度来看,印度的“全球南方”外交已取得显著成效。随着莫迪政府持续深化这一战略,印度有望在国际舞台上扮演更加重要的角色,这不仅将提升其全球影响力,也可能会对中国的战略环境构成一定压力。Professor at China Institute of Boundary and Ocean Studies and Collaborative Innovation Center for Territorial Sovereignty and Maritime Rights,Wuhan University;and Li Xinhang,Doctoral Student at China Institute of Boundary and Ocean Studies,Wuhan University.In recent years,the Global South has become increasingly prominent in India’s foreign policy.From a historical perspective,India’s perception of the Global South has always been closely linked to the evolution of the international landscape,showing the characteristics of dynamic adjustment.Modi government’s Global South foreign policy has undergone a transformation from its 1.0 period focusing on economic development to its 2.0 period attaching importance to seeking leadership status,which is rooted in India’s pursuit of great power status,but also driven by domestic economic development needs and external competition with China.Under the Modi government 3.0,India is further increasing its resources input to the Global South and strengthening its policy support.However,the uncertainty of the India-US relationship and India’s own limitations may pose some challenges to its policy advancement.Judging from the extent of overall policy promotion,India’s Global South diplomacy has achieved remarkable results.As the Modi government continues to deepen this strategy,India is expected to play a more important role on international stage,which will not only increase its global infl uence,but may also put some pressure on China’s strategic environment.

关 键 词：莫迪政府 印度外交 全球南方 全球治理 南南合作 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]