陀螺效应对高速旋转轮对弯曲模态的影响  

Influence of Gyroscopic Effect on Bending Mode of High Speed Rotating Wheelsets

作　　者：关庆华[1] 王文波[1,2] 张丰英 温泽峰 GUAN Qinghua;WANG Wenbo;ZHANG Fengying;WEN Zefeng(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Xuzhou Heavy Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Xuzhou 221000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]徐州重型机械有限公司,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《铁道学报》2025年第3期54-63,共10页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：四川省科技计划(2023NSFSC0399)。

摘　　要：基于转子动力学理论,以Timoshenko连续转轴模拟轮轴,以旋转圆盘模拟车轮,建立旋转轮对动力学模型。利用Riccati传递矩阵计算不同速度下弹性悬挂轮对的涡动模态。通过Timoshenko梁连续转轴模型的色散特性曲线,揭示陀螺效应对旋转体正反涡动频率的影响机理。与有限元模型计算结果对比表明,基于Timoshenko梁连续转轴模型的弹性轮对能够满足前4阶弯曲模态计算需求,Euler梁模型无法考虑转轴旋转陀螺效应,仅适用于前2阶弯曲响应分析。研究结果表明:陀螺效应使轮对弯曲模态出现正反涡动,随转速提高,正涡动模态频率增大,反涡动模态频率减小;陀螺效应对轮对1、2阶弯曲涡动频率变化影响显著,对3、4阶弯曲涡动模态频率变化影响不大,速度每提高100 km/h,前4阶弯曲模态正涡动频率分别增加9.31、9.62、2.09、0.57 Hz,前4阶弯曲模态反涡动频率分别下降4.97、5.83、1.27、0.50 Hz。Based on the theory of rotor dynamics,a dynamic model of rotating wheelsets was established with continuous Timoshenko rotating shaft to simulate the wheel shaft and a rotating disc to simulate the wheel.Using transfer matrix method,the whirling modes of elastically suspended wheelsets rotating at different rotating speeds were calculated.The dispersion characteristic curve of continuous Timoshenko rotating shaft model was used to reveal the influencing mechanism of gyro effect on the forward and backward whirling frequencies.The comparison with the calculated results of the finite element model shows that the elastic wheelset based on the continuous Timoshenko rotating shaft model can meet the requirements of bending modal analyses up to four orders,while the Euler beam model,which cannot take the gyroscopic effect of the rotating shaft into account,is only applicable to the first two order bending response analyses.The results indicate that the forward and backward whirling of the wheelsets in the form of bending modes is induced by gyroscopic effect.The frequency of forward whirling mode increases with the increase of rotational speed,while the frequency of backward whirling mode decreases.Gyroscopic effect has significant influence on the whirling frequencies of the wheelset in the first two order bending modes,but has little influence on the whirling frequencies of the third and fourth order bending modes.For every 100 km/h increase in speed,the first four order forward whirling mode frequencies are increased by 9.31、9.62、2.09、0.57 Hz respectively,while the first four order backward whirling mode frequencies are reduced by 4.97、5.83、1.27、0.50 Hz respectively.

关 键 词：高速轮对 陀螺效应 旋转动力学 传递矩阵 涡动模态 

分 类 号：U211[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U270[机械工程—车辆工程]