列车通信网络时间触发调度模型的等价化简技术  

Equivalent Simplification for Time-triggered Scheduling Model in Train Communication Network

作　　者：朱广超 聂晓波[2] 李洋涛 李宗辉 聂晨浩 马可 ZHU Guangchao;NIE Xiaobo;LI Yangtao;LI Zonghui;NIE Chenhao;MA Ke(State Key Laboratory for Traction and Control System of EMU and Locomotive,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;School of Computer and Information Technology,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司动车组和机车牵引与控制国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044 [3]北京交通大学计算机与信息技术学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道学报》2025年第3期73-80,共8页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：动车组和机车牵引与控制国家重点实验室(中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司)开放课题基金资助(2021YJ283)。

摘　　要：时间敏感网络因其高确定性及低时延特性逐步成为列车通信网络的下一步发展方向。它通过时间触发调度精确地指定数据流在网络节点中的发送时间,从而保障数据流端到端的确定性实时传输。时间触发调度模型通常形式化为可满足性约束模型,由于调度模型数据流数量庞大,且参数不同,造成当前约束规模冗余而庞大,严重影响调度性能。针对该问题,挖掘时间触发传输机制的特点,提出时间触发调度模型的两个化简条件,并证明该化简是等价化简,即化简前后可行解空间不变;给出计算化简模型的算法,并基于可满足性求解器Z3实现了时间触发的增量调度工具;基于列车通信网络拓扑及流配置,对提出的时间触发调度模型等价化简技术进行性能评估。试验结果表明:相比于传统的时间触发调度模型,本文提出的等价化简技术缩小约束规模7.9%,缩小变量规模21%,提升调度性能26.1%。Time-sensitive networking,which has gradually become the next development direction of train communication networks due to its high determinism and low latency characteristics,precisely specifies the transmission time of data flows in network nodes through time-triggered scheduling,thus ensuring the end-to-end deterministic and real-time transmission of business flows.Time-triggered scheduling model is usually formalized as satisfiability constraint model.The vast data flow and different parameters in the scheduling model will make current constraint scale redundant and huge,which seriously affects the scheduling performance.To solve this problem,by first exploring the characteristics of the time-triggered transmission mechanism,this paper proposed two simplification conditions for the time-triggered scheduling model,and proved the simplification as an equivalent simplification,meaning that the feasible solution space remained unchanged before and after the simplification.Then,with an algorithm for computing the simplified model given,an incremental scheduling tool for time-triggered scheduling was implemented based on the satisfiability solver Z3.Finally,based on the topology and flow configuration of the train communication network,the performance of the equivalent simplification technique for the time-triggered scheduling model proposed in this paper was evaluated.The experimental results show that compared with the traditional time-triggered scheduling model,the equivalent simplification technique proposed in this paper reduces the constraint scale by 7.9%,reduces the variable scale by 21%,and improves the scheduling performance by 26.1%.

关 键 词：列车通信网络 确定性实时传输 时间触发 调度模型 等价化简 

分 类 号：U270.382[机械工程—车辆工程]