水平互层围岩铁路隧道底部变形模型试验研究  

Model Experimental Study of Deformation at Bottom of Railway Tunnels in Horizontally Interbedded Surrounding Rocks

作　　者：相懋龙 阳军生[1] 吴剑[2] 傅金阳[1,3] 刘志强 罗钰博[1] XIANG Maolong;YANG Junsheng;WU Jian;FU Jinyang;LIU Zhiqiang;LUO Yubo(School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;China Railway Southwest Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 611731,China;National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Construction Technology,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙4100752 [2]中铁西南科学研究院有限公司,四川成都611731 [3]高速铁路建造技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道学报》2025年第3期168-177,共10页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2023G044,L2022G003);国家自然科学基金(U1934211);湖南省自然科学基金(2023JJ30672)。

摘　　要：为揭示复杂地应力下水平互层围岩铁路隧道底部变形机理,设计融合3D打印技术和复模工艺的精细化隧道模型,在实现隧道结构精度有效控制的同时可模拟隧底结构开裂情况,采用基于石膏相似材料的逐层浇筑方法制备水平软硬互层岩体,开展不同水平地应力下水平层状围岩隧道底部隆起变形规律的物理模型试验研究。研究结果表明:高水平地应力作用下隧底层状岩体呈层间分离和挠曲弯折破坏的隆起破坏特征,且隆起破坏区域会随水平地应力增大而向两侧及深部扩展;不同应力环境下隧道结构内力和隧底隆起变形有着显著差异,随水平地应力增大,衬砌两侧弯矩由向外逐步转为向内,仰拱中心处弯矩和轴力逐渐增大且处于整环衬砌的最大值,当侧压力系数K超过1.25时,隧底结构隆起显著增加,且隆起量值随K值增加较快,工程中应注意此类隧底隆起的预防及控制;高水平地应力作用下隧底层状岩体的隆起破坏是导致此类隧道底部隆起病害的根本原因。To reveal the deformation mechanism of the bottom of a railway tunnel with horizontally interbedded surrounding rocks under complex ground stress,an elaborate tunnel model incorporating 3D printing technology and re-moulding process was designed to simulate the structural cracking at the bottom of the tunnel while achieving structural accuracy control.A layer-by-layer casting method based on gypsum similar materials was used to make a horizontal soft and hard interlayer rock body.An experimental physical model study was carried out on the deformation pattern of the uplift at the bottom of a horizontally stratified surrounding rock tunnel under different levels of ground stress.The results of the study show that the stratified rock under the high level of ground stress is separated from the layers and flexural bending damage,and the uplift damage area will expand to both sides and deeper regions with the increase of the horizontal ground stress.The internal force of the tunnel structure and the deformation of the tunnel bottom under different stress environments have significant differences.With the increase of the horizontal ground stress,the bending moment on both sides of the lining gradually turns from outward to inward,and the bending moment and axial force at the centre of the elevated arch gradually increase and reach their maximum values of the entire ring of lining.When the lateral pressure coefficient K exceeds 1.25,the structural uplift at the bottom of the tunnel increases significantly,with the value of the uplift increasing rapidly with the increase of the value of K.Attention should be paid to the prevention and control of this type of tunnel bottom uplift in engineering.The uplift damage of the stratified rock at the bottom of the tunnel under high level of ground stress is the root cause of such tunnel bottom uplift problems.

关 键 词：铁路隧道 水平层状岩体 高水平地应力 隧底隆起 精细化隧道模型 模型试验 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]