餐饮具中阴离子合成洗涤剂超标原因探讨及检测方法的改进  

Discussion on the Causes of Excessive Anionic Synthetic Detergent in Tableware and Improvement of Detection Methods

作　　者：张秀全 ZHANG Xiu-quan(Yangquan City Comprehensive Inspection and Testing Center)

机构地区：[1]阳泉市综合检验检测中心

出　　处：《中国标准化》2025年第6期194-198,共5页China Standardization

摘　　要：本文探讨了餐饮具中阴离子合成洗涤剂超标原因及解决措施。概括了检测阴离子合成洗涤剂的几种国标方法及其原理,并对第一法即亚甲蓝分光光度法,进行了一些改进,通过优化实验步骤和试剂使用,提高了检测效率和准确性,同时减少了对环境和实验人员的影响。改进措施包括使用100mL具塞比色管代替分液漏斗、省略pH调节和酸洗步骤、将多次萃取改为10mL三氯甲烷一次萃取以及使用震荡器代替人工振摇。实验数据证实,优化后的检测手段对于阴离子合成洗涤剂的含量在0~50μg区间内,显示出了优异的线性关联性。相关系数r=0.99932,平均回收率为99.4%~100.7%,相对标准偏差分别为0.67%~1.22%,具有优异的精密度、准确度和回收率,且检出限满足检测要求。该方法适用于大批量餐饮具中阴离子合成洗涤剂的快速、高效检测,有助于提升食品安全监管水平。This paper discusses the reasons for excessive anionic synthetic detergents in tableware and measures to address the issue.It summarizes several national standards for detecting anionic synthetic detergents and their principles,and improves the first method,the methylene blue spectrophotometry method,by optimizing the experimental steps and reagent use to improve detection efficiency and accuracy while reducing the impact on the environment and experimenters.The improvement measures include using 100 mL stoppered colorimetry tubes instead of separatory funnels,omitting pH adjustment and acid washing steps,changing multiple extractions to 10 mL of trichloromethane extraction once,and using a shaker instead of manual shaking.The experimental data shows that the optimized detection method has excellent linear correlation for the content of anionic synthetic detergents within the range of 0~50μg.The correlation coefficient r=0.99932,the average recovery rate is 99.4%~100.7%,the relative standard deviation is 0.67%~1.22%,and it has excellent precision,accuracy,and recovery rate,with a detection limit that meets detection requirements.This method is suitable for rapid and efficient detection of large quantities of foodservice utensils containing anionic synthetic detergents,and can help improve the level of food safety supervision.

关 键 词：阴离子合成洗涤剂 餐饮具 检测方法 改进措施 分光光度法 

分 类 号：TQ6[化学工程]