丁腈橡胶O型圈-高速主轴电机减振特性研究  

Study on the Vibration Damping Characteristics of Nitrile Rubber O-Ring Damper-High Speed Spindle Motor

作　　者：徐恒磊 唐长亮 陈浩岩 XU Henglei;TANG Changliang;CHEN Haoyan(Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology,Ministry of Education,Beijing Information Science and Technology University,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学现代测控技术教育部重点试验室,北京100192

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2025年第3期21-24,30,共5页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：北京市教委科技计划面上项目(KM201911232007)。

摘　　要：为探究丁腈橡胶O型圈在高速主轴电机系统中的减振效果及对系统动力学特性的影响,通过数值计算得到高速电机系统的模态频率和模态振型,系统在0~2500 Hz频率范围内存在两个临界转速。搭建相对应的试验台开展升降速减振试验研究。结果表明,加装丁腈橡胶O型圈后,系统振幅显著下降,且丁腈橡胶内径越小,减振效果越明显。相较于其他材料,丁腈橡胶具有更优异的减振特性。在高转速下,丁腈橡胶O型圈能够最大程度地减小系统振幅,保持系统稳定。作为一种低成本的阻尼元件,丁腈橡胶O型圈具有优良的阻尼减振性能。To explore the vibration reduction effect of nitrile rubber O-rings on high-speed spindle motor systems and their influence on system dynamic characteristics,modal frequencies and mode shapes of the high-speed motor system were obtained through numerical calculations.Two critical speeds were identified within the frequency range of 0 to 2500 Hz.A corresponding experimental setup was constructed to conduct vibration reduction experiments during speed changes.The results indicate that after installing nitrile rubber O-rings,the system′s vibration amplitude significantly decreases,and the reduction effect becomes more pronounced with smaller inner diameters of the nitrile rubber.Compared to other materials,nitrile rubber exhibits superior vibration reduction properties.At high speeds,nitrile rubber O-rings can effectively minimize system vibration amplitudes,thereby maintaining system stability.As a low-cost damping component,nitrile rubber O-rings demonstrate excellent damping and vibration reduction performance.

关 键 词：阻尼减振 丁腈橡胶O型圈阻尼器 转子动力学 高速电机 

分 类 号：TH165[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]