玄武岩二氧化碳矿化封存(Ⅱ):广东省雷州半岛的封存条件、选址和挑战  

CO_(2)Mineralization Storage in Basalt(II):Storage Conditions,Site Selections and Challenges on Leizhou Peninsula,Guangdong Province,South China

作　　者：周蒂 夏菖佑[1] 李鹏春 梁希 Zhou Di;Xia Changyou;Li Pengchun;Liang Xi(UK-China(Guangdong)CCUS Centre,Guangzhou 510440,China;South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;University College London,London WC1E6BT,United Kingdom)

机构地区：[1]中英(广东)CCUS中心,广东广州510440 [2]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室,广东广州510301 [3]伦敦大学学院,伦敦WC1E 6BT

出　　处：《地球科学》2025年第2期569-584,共16页Earth Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2021YFF0501202);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(No.2021A1515011298).

摘　　要：玄武岩CO_(2)矿化封存技术是在玄武岩区实现碳封存的新兴CCUS技术.广东省西南部雷州半岛的玄武岩以拉斑玄武岩和碱性橄榄玄武岩为主,分布面积超过3000 km2,其矿化封存潜力已引起重视.根据雷州半岛地质条件和水文地质条件,在该区宜选用勿需盖层便可实现玄武岩中CO_(2)安全封存的Carbfix技术.而且由于雷州半岛的玄武岩大多埋藏较浅,需选择第四纪火山口玄武岩或深部第三纪玄武岩夹层方可满足Carbfix技术对储层深度的要求.以徐闻县田洋破火山口玄武岩和勇士农场第三纪玄武岩这两个先导项目候选场址为例,分析了在这两类玄武岩中进行矿化封存的可行性、潜力及存在问题,指出对火山口玄武岩注水后的效应研究、玄武岩的深部和横向延伸的探测等是目前遇到的主要挑战,也需要对是否存在影响地下水资源的风险进行监测和研究.提出在雷州半岛有必要开发在中浅(如150 m以下)第四纪玄武岩中进行矿化封存的工艺,并提议在海边选址开展利用海水进行玄武岩CO_(2)封存的探索和试验,希望为扩大雷州半岛玄武岩矿化封存潜力服务,并为开发全球海底玄武岩碳封存资源的利用技术做出贡献.CO_(2)mineralization storage in basaltis a new CCUS technique that enables the sequestration of CO_(2)in basaltic areas for carbon reduction.The Leizhou Peninsula in the Guangdong Province of South China boasts a vast area covered by basalt,exceeding 3000 km^(2).The basaltic formations on the Leizhou Peninsula consist primarily of tholeiite and alkali olivine basalts,making it a promising candidate for CO_(2)mineralization storage.This paper analyzed the geological and hydrological conditions of the Leizhou Peninsular and pointed out that the Carbfix technology,which allows safe storage of CO_(2)without caprocks,is applicable to the area,However,the basalts in the peninsular are mostly shallowly buried,and only volcanic crater basalts and deeply buried Tertiary basalts might meet the minimum depth requirements of the Carbfix technology.Currently,Xuwun County′s Tianyang Quaternary caldera basalts and the Yongshi Farmland′s Tertiary basalts have been identified as potential pilot project sites.The geological and hydrological conditions at these two sites are reviewed,and favorable and unfavorable factors and potential for CO_(2)storage are analyzed.The primary challenges currently faced are to investigate the safety issues of large-quantity water injection into the caldera basalts,and to detect the deep basal interface and lateral extension of the basalts.Additionally,the potential impacts of injected CO_(2)-changed water on underground water resources need to be monitored and investigated.The article proposes to develop techniques of storing CO_(2)in shallower(e.g.<150 m)basalts,and suggests to conduct necessary experiments at a shore site to explore the feasibility and techniques of using seawater for basalt CO_(2)storage.These actions will benefit not only expanding the potential of basalt mineralization storage on the Leizhou Peninsula,but also contributing to the study of utilizing global submarine basaltic carbon storage resources.

关 键 词：玄武岩CO_(2)矿化封存 碳捕集利用与封存(CCUS) 封存选址 Carbfix技术 雷琼火山岩 雷州半岛. 

分 类 号：P588.145[天文地球—岩石学]