青少年肥胖对近视风险的影响和中介效应:基于成都市2014年至2023年追踪调查的横断面和队列研究  

Influence and mediation effect of adolescent obesity on myopia risk:a cross-sectional and cohort analysis based on longitudinal study of Chengdu city from 2014 to 2023

作　　者：文艳群 温雅 李克峰 邸丽华 赵莉[3] 李思齐 WEN Yanqun;WEN Ya;LI Kefeng;DI Lihua;ZHAO Li;LI Siqi(Health Monitoring Section,Chengdu Chenghua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610057,China;Center for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery,Faculty of Applied Sciences,Macao Polytechnic University,Macao Special Administrative Region 999078,China;Department of Health Policy and Management,The West China School of Public Health,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市成华区疾病预防控制中心卫生监测科,成都610057 [2]澳门理工大学应用科学学院人工智能药物发现中心,中国澳门特别行政区999078 [3]四川大学华西公共卫生学院卫生政策与管理学系,成都610041

出　　处：《中国医科大学学报》2025年第3期204-207,共4页Journal of China Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82273748);阿坝州科技成果转化项目(R23CGZH0003)。

摘　　要：目的探讨青少年的体重指数(BMI)、血压(BP)和近视之间的关系,为制定近视防控措施提供科学依据。方法选取2014年至2023年参加成都市成华区体质检测的青少年学生作为研究对象。采用多元logistic回归进行横断面研究,以年龄、性别、血压和脉搏作为协变量进行调整;采用Cox模型研究肥胖与近视之间的关系。同时,对样本最大、数据最完整的2023年数据以平均血压为中介进行队列研究。结果2014年至2023年每年的横断面中肥胖与近视均呈显著正相关,OR(95%CI)分别为1.16(1.10~1.22)、1.15(1.08~1.21)、1.19(1.12~1.26)、1.11(1.04~1.18)、1.10(1.05~1.15)、1.10(1.05~1.16)、1.07(1.03~1.12)、1.10(1.05~1.15)、1.12(1.07~1.17)、1.11(1.06~1.15)。同时队列研究中肥胖也与近视呈显著正相关,HR为1.09,95%CI为1.01~1.19,血压的中介效应占总效应的21.2%。结论肥胖会促进近视的发生,减重有利于降低近视的可能性。同时,血压会介导肥胖对近视的影响,针对肥胖人群的血压控制有助于预防近视。Objective To investigate the relationships between adolescents’body mass index(BMI),blood pressure(BP),and myopia and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of myopia prevention and control measures.Methods Adolescent students who participated in physical fitness surveillance in Chenghua District,Chengdu,from 2014 to 2023 were selected as the study population.A cross-sectional study was conducted using multiple logistic regression,adjusting for age,sex,BP,and pulse as covariates.A Cox model was employed to examine the relationship between obesity and myopia.Additionally,for the 2023 dataset,characterized by the largest sample size and most complete data,a mediation analysis was performed with mean BP as the mediator.Results Annual cross-sectional analysis from 2014 to 2023 revealed a significant positive association between obesity and myopia,with OR and 95%CI of 1.16(1.10-1.22),1.15(1.08-1.21),1.19(1.12-1.26),1.11(1.04-1.18),1.10(1.05-1.15),1.10(1.05-1.16),1.07(1.03-1.12),1.10(1.05-1.15),1.12(1.07-1.17),and 1.11(1.06-1.15),respectively.Similarly,cohort analysis showed a significant positive association between obesity and myopia(HR=1.09,95%CI:1.01-1.19).Mediation analysis indicated that BP accounted for 21.2%of the total effect of obesity on myopia.Conclusion Obesity facilitates the onset of myopia,and weight reduction can help decrease the likelihood of latter.Furthermore,BP mediates the impact of obesity on myopia.Implementing BP-lowering interventions in obese populations may aid in the prevention of myopia.

关 键 词：肥胖 近视 中介 血压 队列 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]