地下水作用下含软弱岩层露天矿边坡稳定性分析  

Stability Analysis of Open-pit Mine Slopes with Weak Rock Layers Under Groundwater Influence

作　　者：王建国 孙郡庆 李卫鹏 张凯亮 Wang Jianguo;Sun Junqing;Li Weipeng;Zhang Kailiang(Xinjiang Energy Co.,Ltd.Energy CHN,Urumqi 830013,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团新疆能源有限责任公司,乌鲁木齐830013

出　　处：《科技通报》2025年第3期36-41,共6页Bulletin of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家能源集团新疆能源有限责任公司科技创新基金资助项目(新疆能源[2023]3350号)。

摘　　要：含软弱岩层露天矿开采对地下水排干导致地下水位变化明显,严重威胁露天矿边坡稳定性。本文以某含软弱岩层露天矿边坡为研究对象,探究该矿采场边坡受地下水影响下的稳定性情况,首先,基于瑞典条分法分析了不同边坡角、不同水位角、不同边坡高度条件下的采场边坡稳定性与地下水位变化规律,其次,选取典型剖面分别采用简化Bishop法、Janbu法和Morgenstern-Price法3种分析方法进行了采场边坡稳定性分析。结果表明:(1)随着软弱岩层上部的地下水位增高,采场边坡稳定性降低且变形范围增大;(2)稳定系数随水位变化较为敏感,水位上升时边坡稳定系数呈反比例函数逐渐减小,在现场工程设计中应尽可能考虑减小边坡角;(3)不利水环境条件下,采场边坡典型剖面在主采煤层以上的局部和整体边坡稳定系数处于1.578~2.016,具备一定的安全储备能力。此项研究为该矿山的设计提供了宝贵的理论依据,为今后矿山的设计、生产提供了可靠指导。The mining of open-pit mines containing weak rock layers and the drainage of groundwater result in significant changes in groundwater level,seriously threatening the stability of open-pit mine slopes.This article takes a certain open-pit mine slope containing weak rock layers as the research object,explores the stability of the mining slope under the influence of groundwater,analyzes the stability of the mining slope and the variation law of groundwater level under different slope angles,water level angles,and slope heights based on the Swedish slice method,and selects typical profiles to analyze the stability of the mining slope using simplified Bishop method,Janbu method,and Morgenstern-Price method.The results show that:(1)As the groundwater level in the upper part of the weak layer increases,the stability of the mining slope decreases and the deformation range increases;(2)The stability coefficient is more sensitive to changes in water level.As the water level rises,the slope stability coefficient gradually decreases in an inverse proportional function.In on-site engineering design,efforts should be made to reduce the slope angle as much as possible;(3)Under unfavorable water environment conditions,the typical profile of the mining slope has a stability coefficient of 1.578-2.016 for both local and overall slopes above the main coal seam,indicating a certain level of safety reserve capacity.This study provides valuable theoretical basis for the design of the mine and reliable guidance for future mine design and production.

关 键 词：地下水 软弱岩层 数值模拟 边坡稳定性 敏感性分析 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]