《文章正宗》录史入集的归类、定名及影响  

The Classification,Naming,and Influence of Wenzhangzhengzhong Recorded Historical Articles into the Collection

作　　者：赵俊玲[1] ZHAO Jun-ling

机构地区：[1]郑州大学文学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2025年第3期16-26,共11页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(2022BWX028)——历代编选汉魏六朝诗文总集研究。

摘　　要：《文章正宗》打破总集编纂传统,从《左传》《国语》《战国策》《史记》《汉书》等史籍大量裁录篇段,将史籍中上层统治者言说之辞归入辞命类,将历史人物论说文辞和三传史臣褒贬之辞归入议论类,将史籍叙事文字归入叙事类,史籍篇段经过重构成为独立篇章,这是对史籍文章学和文体学价值的深入挖掘开拓。后世诸多不同类型的总集从史籍录文,或所录多与《文章正宗》重复,或沿其开拓的方向前进。随着选史入集而来的是篇章定名,真德秀力图通过题名突出文章的文类或文体属性、简要概括篇章内容,后世总集的史篇定名工作亦基本沿此两个方向进行,辨体类总集更重前者,清人总集多更重后者,最终形成诸多题名沿用至今的史籍经典名篇。《文章正宗》开创性地大量录史入集,与此书"明义理,切世用"的编选宗旨有关,且受到了其前总集及文章学著作的影响启发,还因编者崇尚先秦两汉古文,试图扩展其范围,为其提供更多可能性和典范。Wenzhangzhengzhong broke the tradition of compiling collections,which recorded a large number of historical articles from Zuozhuan,Guoyu,Zhanguoce,Shiji and Hanshu into the collection.It categorized them into three types:Ciming,argumentation and narration.The historical sections had been reconstructed into independent articles,which was a deep exploration of the literary value and stylistic significance of historical articles.Later various collections compiled articles from historical records,many of the selections repeated with Wenzhangzhengzhong.Following the selected historical articles into the collection,Zhen Dexiu had to give the titles to the articles,which highlighted the stylistic attributes or could briefly summarize the contents of the articles.They effected subsequent collections.The collection to distinguish styles emphasized the former more,while the collection of Qing dynasty emphasized the latter more,ultimately forming many classic historical articles with titles that are still uses today.Wenzhangzhengzhong recorded a large number of historical articles,which was related to its compilation principle.Furthermore,the editor admired the ancient prose of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties.He aimed to expand the scope of ancient prose and wanted to provide more classic examples to the ancient prose.At the same time,Wenzhangzhengzhong was influenced by earlier collections and works on article studies.

关 键 词：真德秀 《文章正宗》 录史入集 归类 定名 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]