大数据发展的就业促进效应 ——基于国家级大数据综合试验区的准自然实验  

The Employment Promotion Effect of Big Data Development:A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on the National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zone

作　　者：李麦收 李华 LI Mai-shou;LI Hua

机构地区：[1]河南大学经济学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2025年第3期76-90,共15页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：河南省哲学社会科学规划年度项目(2023CJJ163)——数字经济与就业质量耦合协调发展研究。

摘　　要：利用2010—2022年中国A股上市企业数据,以国家级大数据综合试验区设立作为外生政策冲击,运用交错双重差分模型实证检验了大数据发展对企业劳动雇佣规模的影响。结果显示:大数据发展对企业劳动雇佣规模具有显著的提升作用,该作用可以通过促进企业数字化转型和缓解企业流动性约束来实现。异质性分析发现,对于国有企业、资本密集型企业和位于中心城市的企业而言,大数据发展扩大劳动雇佣规模的作用更为显著。进一步研究发现,大数据发展还可以提升研发人员比例,缩小普通员工与管理层之间的工资差距,促进企业内共同富裕。因此,应把大数据发展作为国家落实稳就业方针和保就业任务的重要抓手;推动企业数字化转型,缓解企业流动性约束,畅通大数据发展扩大企业雇佣规模的传导渠道;结合城市资源与企业禀赋,因地制宜因企施策,提高大数据政策的精准性。Based on the data of A-share listed companies in China from 2010 to 2022,and with the establishment of the National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zone as an exogenous policy shock,this study empirically tests the impact of big data development on the scale of labor employment in enterprises using the staggered difference in different model.Research has found that big data development has a significant impact on the scale of labor employment in enterprises,which can be achieved by promoting digital transformation of enterprises,and alleviating liquidity constraints.Heterogeneity analysis has found that for state-owned enterprises,capital intensive enterprises,and enterprises located in high administrative level cities,the role of big data development in expanding labor employment scale is more significant.Further research has found that big data development can also increase the proportion of R&D personnel,narrow the wage gap between ordinary employees and management,and promote common prosperity within the enterprise.Therefore,big data development should be regarded as an important tool for the country to implement the policy of stabilizing employment and ensuring employment.Promote digital transformation of enterprises,alleviate liquidity constraints,and facilitate the transmission channels of big data development to expand the scale of enterprise employment.Combining urban resources with enterprise endowments,implementing policies tailored to local conditions and enterprises,and improving the accuracy of big data policies.

关 键 词：大数据 劳动力就业 数字化转型 共同富裕 国家级大数据综合试验区 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] F49[经济管理—国民经济]