基于Kano模型的舌癌术后吞咽障碍患者居家吞咽康复指导需求优化分析  

Optimization analysis of home rehabilitation guidance for patients with swallowing disorder after tongue cancer surgery based on Kano model

作　　者：刘星 蔡颖 宋芬 LIU Xing;CAI Ying;SONG Fen(Department of Ophthalmology,Suqian Hospital,Nanjing Gulou Hospital Group,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]南京鼓楼医院集团宿迁医院眼科,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《医药高职教育与现代护理》2025年第2期161-166,共6页Medical Higher Vocational Education and Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的 分析研究基于Kano模型的舌癌术后吞咽障碍患者居家吞咽康复指导的需求重点和优先改进次序,为优化患者居家吞咽康复指导提供服务。方法 选取2022年3月至2024年3月南京鼓楼医院集团宿迁医院收治的舌癌术后吞咽障碍患者为研究对象,采用自行设计一般资料调查表、居家吞咽康复需求问卷,基于kano模型对其进行问卷调查。通过Kano模型需求属性分类、Better-Worse二维矩阵分析确定舌癌术后吞咽障碍患者居家吞咽康复指导的需求属性,通过需求要素筛选确定最敏感和需要改进的要素。结果 共发放173份问卷,回收157份,有效问卷148份,有效率为94.27%。Kano模型需求属性分类后,经过Better-Worse系数分析和二维矩阵分析,15个需求中,期望需求5例,占比33.33%;魅力需求3例,占比20.00%;必备需求5例,占比33.33%;无差异需求2例,占比13.33%;其中“医患沟通方式”、“个性化吞咽康复训练疗法”、“线上咨询服务”灵敏度最高。结论 Kano模型可用于舌癌术后吞咽障碍患者居家吞咽康复指导的需求调查,从提升医患沟通效能及改善个性化吞咽康复训练疗法出发,借助线上咨询服务,能够及时快速地解决患者问题,优化患者居家吞咽康复指导的需求,改善术后康复效果。Objective To analyze the needs and priorities of home swallowing rehabilitation guidance for patients with swallowing disorder after tongue cancer surgery based on Kano model,aiming to optimize the service for home swallowing rehabilitation guidance for patients.Methods From March 2022 to March 2024,patients with dysphagia after tongue cancer surgery treated in Suqian Hospital of Nanjing Gulou Hospital Group were selected.A self-designed general information questionnaire and a home swallowing rehabilitation needs questionnaire were used for data collection.Kano model was applied for questionnaire survey.The need attributes for home swallowing rehabilitation guidance were identified through Kano model classification,followed by Better-Worse coefficient analysis and two-dimensional matrix analysis.The most sensitive and needed improvement factors were determined by need element screening.Results A total of 173 questionnaires were distributed,157 questionnaires were returned,and 148 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 94.27%.After the demand attribute classification of Kano model and the Better-Worse coefficient analysis and two-dimensional matrix analysis,five of the 15 demands were expected(33.33%),three as delightful needs(20%),five as basic needs(33.33%),and two as indifferent needs(13.33%).The demands with the highest sensitivity included“doctor-patient communication”,“personalized swallowing rehabilitation training therapy” and “online consultation service”.Conclusions The Kano model can be effectively applied to assess the needs for home swallowing rehabilitation guidance in postperative tongue cancer patients.Improving doctor-patient communication,optimizing personalized swallowing rehabilitation therapies,and utilizing online consultation service can address patient issues in a timely manner,optimize the needs for home swallowing rehabilitation guidance,and improve postoperative rehabilitation outcomes.

关 键 词：KANO模型 舌癌 吞咽障碍 居家吞咽康复指导 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]