基于曲波域扩展滤波的OBN横波泄露噪声衰减  

OBN shear-wave leakage noise attenuation based on curvelet-domain extended filtering

作　　者：张建峰 王志亮 张春燕 麻旭刚 李博闻 祖国昌 宋鹏[4] 贺慧丽 韩晨 赵波[4] ZHANG Jianfeng;WANG Zhiliang;ZHANG Chunyan;MA Xugang;LI Bowen;ZU Guochang;SONG Peng;HE Huili;HAN Chen;ZHAO Bo(CNOOC Tianjin Branch Company,Tianjin 300459,China;PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology,Hangzhou 310023,China;CNOOC Energy Technology&Services Limited,Tianjin 300459,China;College of Marine Geo-sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;BGP Inc.,China National Petroleum Corporation,Zhuozhou 072751,China)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津300459 [2]中国石油杭州地质研究院,浙江杭州310023 [3]中海油能源发展股份有限公司,天津300459 [4]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,山东青岛266100 [5]中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司,河北涿州072751

出　　处：《石油物探》2025年第2期271-279,共9页Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42074138,42206195);崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202204803);中国石油天然气集团有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(2021ZG02);国家大学生创新训练项目(202310423061)共同资助。

摘　　要：海底节点(OBN)地震数据采集技术已广泛用于海上地球物理勘探中。但其Z分量数据中横波泄露噪声的存在严重降低了地震数据的信噪比,因而影响了其应用效果。传统滤波算法和匹配衰减算法难以实现有效信号及泄露噪声的有效分离。提出了基于曲波域扩展滤波的横波泄露噪声匹配衰减方法。该方法基于OBN数据中X和Y分量数据构建相应的希尔伯特变换记录、时间导数记录以及希尔伯特变换的时间导数记录来预测Z分量中的横波泄露噪声。在此基础上,采用曲波域最小二乘扩展滤波的横波泄露噪声匹配相减方法,实现有效信号与横波泄露噪声的高精度分离。理论模型实验与实际数据处理结果均表明,该方法兼顾了曲波变换在分离有效信号与横波泄露噪声方面的优势以及扩展滤波对横波泄露噪声预测误差的适应性。在避免损伤有效信号的前提下,能够有效压制横波泄露噪声,从而提升OBN数据的成像精度。Despite its extensive use in geophysical exploration,OBN data suffer from low signal-to-noise ratio caused by Z component contaminated by shear waves from horizontal components.Such leakage noises have a negative impact on dual-sensor merging based on Z component to obtain high-quality up-going and down-going waves for imaging, but it is hard to separate useful signals from leakage noises by using common filtering and matching attenuation algorithms. To suppress shear-wave leakage noises,we propose a matching attenuation method based on curvelet-domain extended filtering. The method constructs Hilbert transform records, time derivative records, and Hilbert transform followed by time derivative records from the X and Y component data of OBN to predict shear-wave leakage noises in the Z component,which enables the extended expression of Z component in the curvelet domain. Shear-wave leakage matching subtraction will then be performed using curvelet-domain least-squares extended filtering to separate effective signals from leakage noises. According to a model test and field data processing,our method has the advantage of leveraging curvelet transform for signal-noise separation and extended filtering for shear-wave leakage error prediction. Consequently,OBN data imaging will be improved because shear-wave leakage noises could be eliminated significantly without damaging effective signals.

关 键 词：OBN Z分量 横波泄露噪声 曲波变换 扩展滤波 噪声衰减 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]