从硫代硫酸盐浸出贵液中回收金银的研究进展  

Research Progress on Recovery of Gold and Silver from Pregnant Thiosulfate Solution

作　　者：闫增达 崔毅琦[1,2,3] 张宇 黄丹 王靖 张洋 杨楚瑜 周克 童雄 YAN Zengda;CUI Yiqi;ZHANG Yu;HUANG Dan;WANG Jing;ZHANG Yang;YANG Chuyu;ZHOU Ke;TONG Xiong(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Comprehensive Utilization of Metal Tailings Resources,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Clean Uti lization of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]金属矿尾矿资源绿色综合利用国家地方联合工程研究中心,昆明650093 [3]省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明650093

出　　处：《有色金属(中英文)》2025年第3期393-408,共16页Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52364032)。

摘　　要：硫代硫酸盐法因其低毒、高效等优点,被认为是一种有望替代氰化法的环保提金技术。然而,如何高效回收贵液中的金银是该技术实现工业化应用的关键挑战。目前,从硫代硫酸盐浸出贵液中回收金银的主要技术有吸附法、置换法、光催化还原法、溶剂萃取法及电沉积法。活性炭与硫代硫酸盐络合物的亲和力较弱,需通过改性或使用添加剂来提升其吸附能力;树脂法具有吸附速度快、对溶液纯度要求低等优点,但易受溶液中其他难免离子的干扰,且树脂较为昂贵;改性后的介孔硅材料在吸附性能上有显著提升,但在矿浆中的应用受限;开发低成本高吸附的新材料,在未来具有重要的研究意义。置换法以操作简便和回收率高为优点,但面临置换剂的消耗量大、产品纯度低等问题。光催化还原法可以实现金银的原位还原,但后续的固液分离难度很大且还原速率较慢。溶剂萃取法在浓度较高的溶液中表现较好,但其对溶液浓度、pH等工艺条件要求严格。电沉积法虽具有清洁等优点,但目前效率较低,且易出现共沉积现象。As an environmental-friendly leaching technology that is expected to replace cyanide technology,thiosulfate leaching technology has the advantages of low toxicity and high efficiency.However,the efficient recovery of gold and silver from the thiosulfate pregnant solution during the thiosulfate leaching process remains a key challenge for its industrial application.At present,the main techniques for recovering gold and silver from thiosulfate leaching solutions include adsorption,cementation,photocatalytic reduction,solvent extraction and electrodeposition.The affinity between activated carbon and thiosulfate complexs is weak,so requiring modification or additives to improve the adsorption capacity;The resin adsorption method offers advantages such as fast adsorption speed and low requirements for solution purity,but the resin is easily interfered by other inevitable ions in the solution and is relatively expensive;Modified mesoporous silica materials exhibit significantly improved adsorption performance,but their application in mineral pulp is limited;Developing low-cost and high-adsorption new materials has great research significance in the future.The cementation process is easy to operate and has a high recovery rate,but the consumption of the reagent is high,and the product purity is low.Although in situ reduction of gold and silver can be achieved by photocatalytic reduction,the subsequent solid-liquid separation is difficult and the reduction rate is slow.The solvent extraction method exhibits higher concentrations,but it has strict requirements for process conditions such as solution concentration and pH.Although electrodeposition offers the advantage such as cleanliness,its current efficiency is relatively low,and it is prone to co-deposition.

关 键 词：硫代硫酸盐浸出贵液 回收 金 银 

分 类 号：TF831[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]