加压氧化作用下碳质金矿矿物相变及三氯异氰尿酸(TCCA)浸金  

Phase Transformation of Carbonaceous Gold Ore Affected by Pressure Oxidation and Gold Leaching Using TCCA

作　　者：牛会群 杨洪英 佟琳琳 NIU Huiqun;YANG Hongying;TONG Linlin(College of Mining Engineering,Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150000,China;School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江科技大学矿业工程学院,哈尔滨150000 [2]东北大学冶金学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《有色金属(中英文)》2025年第3期409-417,共9页Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52274348);黑龙江省“优秀青年教师基础研究支持计划”(YQJH2023091)。

摘　　要：碳质金矿又称双重难处理金矿,难处理的主要原因与毒砂、黄铁矿等硫化物的微细粒包裹以及碳质物“劫金”现象密切相关,导致直接浸出率极低。基于此,加压氧化是分解碳质金矿中硫化物和碳质物的一种有效预处理方法。通过建立多元线性回归模型,获得最优加压氧化条件,并判断各因素对金浸出率影响的显著性。利用多元素分析、X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜分析、矿物解离分析、拉曼光谱分析等表征方法,探讨在加压氧化作用下碳质金矿的矿物组成以及微观形态变化,并利用有机氯化物TCCA从碳质金矿中提取金。结果表明,反应压力和温度对矿物相变和浸金效果具有显著影响。碳质金矿中硫化物发生溶解并产生相变,铁被氧化为硫酸盐,砷主要以砷酸盐或臭葱石的形式存在。在TCCA浓度0.2 mol/L,NaCl浓度为45 g/L,初始pH值为5.5,反应温度为40℃和矿浆浓度为20%的浸金条件下,浸出3 h后,加压氧化渣(CPOR)的浸金率可达88.47%,浸出液中金浓度为6.05 mg/L。Carbonaceous gold ore,commonly referred to as double refractory gold ore,is difficult to process primarily due to the fine encapsulation of sulfide minerals such as arsenopyrite and pyrite,as well as the"preg-robbing"phenomenon caused by carbonaceous materials,resulting in extremely low direct leaching recovery rates.In light of this challenge,pressure oxidation emerges as an effective pretreatment method for decomposing sulfides and carbonaceous matters.By employing a multiple linear regression model,optimal conditions for pressure oxidation had been obtained,allowing for an assessment of the significant impacts various factors exert on gold leaching efficiency.The transformation in mineral composition and micromorphology of carbonaceous gold ore under pressure oxidation were examined through multi-element analysis,X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD),scanning electron microscopy analysis(SEM),mineral dissociation analysis(MLA)and Raman spectroscopy analysis.Furthermore,organic chloride TCCA was utilized for extracting gold from carbonaceous gold ore.Multiple linear regression analyses indicate that reaction pressure and temperature significantly influence both mineral phase transformation and gold leaching efficiency.Sulfides undergo dissolution and phase transformation;iron is oxidized into sulfate while arsenic predominantly exists in forms arsenate or scorodite.Under a leaching condition,a TCCA concentration of 0.2 mol/L,NaCl concentration of 45 g/L,initial pH value of 5.5,reaction temperature of 40℃and slurry concentration of 20%,the achieved gold leaching efficiency from CPOR reached 88.47%and the corresponding gold concentration in the leach solution measured at 6.05 mg/L after 3 hours of leaching.

关 键 词：碳质金矿 加压氧化 多元线性回归 矿物相变 TCCA浸金 

分 类 号：TF831[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]