餐厨废油基复合型煤炭抑尘剂的制备与性能分析  

Preparation and performance analysis of kitchen waste oil-based composite coal dust suppressant

作　　者：乔凤 罗帆 袁红[1,2,3] QIAO Feng;LUO Fan;YUAN Hong(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Northern Nationalities University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Key Laboratory of Chemical Technology,State People’s Committee of China,Northern University for Nationalities,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Chemical Conversion Technology,Northern University for Nationalities,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学化学与化学工程学院,宁夏回族自治区银川市750021 [2]北方民族大学国家民委化工技术重点试验室,宁夏回族自治区银川市750021 [3]北方民族大学宁夏太阳能化学转化技术重点试验室,宁夏回族自治区银川市750021

出　　处：《中国煤炭》2025年第2期185-198,共14页China Coal

基　　金：宁夏重点研发计划项目(2023BDE03009)。

摘　　要：煤炭在开采、运输及露天堆放等过程中极易产生扬尘问题,而喷洒抑尘剂则是较为有效的抑尘方法。以餐厨废油为原料,辅以表面活性剂、保湿剂以及高分子粘结剂,制备了兼具润湿性及粘结性的餐厨废油基复合型煤炭抑尘剂。采用扫描电镜观察喷洒抑尘剂前后的煤尘表面结构,采用接触角试验测试抑尘剂对煤尘的润湿性能,此外还测试了抑尘剂的保水及吸水性能、煤尘形成的固化层厚度及风蚀率等。结果显示,抑尘剂稀释50倍的粘度可达18.6 mPa·s,接触角为22.5°~46.0°,固化层厚度可达15 mm,风蚀率为0.2%~0.3%;抑尘剂稀释20倍的粘度可达81.5 mPa·s,接触角为19.4°~42.0°,固化层厚度可达15 mm,风蚀率为0.025%~0.035%,该抑尘剂具有长效保湿特点以及良好的抗风蚀性能。Coal transportation and open-cast coal yards often generate dust problems,and spraying dust suppressants is an effective method to suppress dust.In this study,a composite coal dust suppressant based on kitchen waste oil was prepared by using kitchen waste oil as raw material,supplemented with surfactant,humectant and polymer binder,which has both wetting and binder properties.Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the surface structure of coal dust before and after spraying the dust suppressant,and the contact angle experiment was used to test the wetting performance of the dust suppressant on the coal dust,in addition,the water retention and water absorption performance of the dust suppressant,the thickness of the solidified layer formed by the coal dust and the wind erosion rate were also tested.The results show that the viscosity of the dust suppressant diluted 50 times can reach 18.6 mPa·s,the contact angle is 22.5°-46.0°,the thickness of the solidified layer can reach 15 mm,and the wind erosion rate is 0.2%-0.3%;the viscosity of the dust suppressant diluted 20 times can reach 81.5 mPa·s,the contact angle is 19.4°-42.0°,the thickness of the solidified layer can reach 15 mm,and the wind erosion rate is 0.025%-0.035%,so the dust suppressant has long-lasting moisturizing characteristics and good wind erosion resistance.

关 键 词：餐厨废油 复合型抑尘剂 粘结性 性能测试 

分 类 号：TD714.4[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]