明代南海深海航路初探——基于南海西北陆坡一号、二号沉船的研究  

Exploration of the Deep-sea Sea Routes in the South China Sea During the Ming Dynasty:A Study Based on the No.1 and No.2 Shipwrecks on the Northwest Continental Slope of the South China Sea

作　　者：李东风 LI Dongfeng(Cultural Relics Information Center,Hainan Provincial Institute Of Cultural Relics And Archaeology,Haikou 570203,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省文物考古研究院文物信息中心,海南海口570203

出　　处：《南海学刊》2025年第2期57-64,共8页The Journal of South China Sea Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金研究专项(23VHQ017)。

摘　　要：2022年10月在南海西北陆坡水深约1500米海底发现了“南海西北陆坡一号沉船遗址”和“南海西北陆坡二号沉船遗址”两处明代中期沉船遗址。这次深海考古发现,为研究明代海上丝绸之路南海航路提供了新的重要实物资料。通过对相关历史、航海文献的梳理,推断两艘沉船位于《顺风相送》记载的外罗直使南亭门的双向航路附近。沉船的发现也印证了《顺风相送》等航海文献关于明代南海航路记载的准确性。深海沉船考古与航海文献相互参证,对于古代海上丝绸之路具体航路研究具有重要意义。In October 2022,two ancient shipwrecks were discovered on the seabed at a depth of about 1,500 meters on the northwest continental slope of the South China Sea,named the“Nanhai Xibeilupo No.1 and No.2 Shipwrecks.”This deep-sea archaeological discovery has provided new and important physical materials for the study of the South China Sea route of the Maritime Silk Road in the Ming Dynasty.Through the collation of relevant historical and navigation documents,it is inferred that the two shipwrecks are located near the two-way route from Wailuo to Nantingmen recorded in Shunfeng Xiangsong.The discovery of the shipwrecks also confirms the accuracy of the records about the South China Sea route in the Ming Dynasty in navigation documents such as Shunfeng Xiangsong.The mutual verification between deep-sea shipwreck archaeology and navigation documents is of great significance for the study of the specific routes of the ancient Maritime Silk Road.

关 键 词：南海西北陆坡 海道 针路 深海考古 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] U675.8[历史地理—中国史]