负球状风化:一种有效的地表岩石风化形式——以泰山西麓花岗岩陡倾面穴状风化为例  

Negative spheroidal weathering:an effective form of weathering on surficial rocks——A case study on tafoni developed on steep slope of granite in the Western Mount Taishan

作　　者：王玺 相振群[2] 于建中 牛健[3] 丁海洋 钟焱[2] WANG Xi;XIANG Zhenqun;YU Jianzhong;NIU Jian;DING Haiyang;ZHONG Yan(Henan Academy of Geology,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China;Tianjin Center,Precambrian Research Centre,North China Center for Geoscience Innovation,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China;Mount Tai Management Committee,Tai’an 271099,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省地质研究院,河南郑州450001 [2]中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,中国地质调查局前寒武纪地质研究中心,中国地质调查局华北地质科技创新中心,天津300170 [3]泰山风景名胜区管理委员会,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《矿产勘查》2024年第S2期366-375,共10页Mineral Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41902197);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190075)联合资助

摘　　要：岩石表面穴状风化现象在全球各地区广泛发育,受地质、环境等条件影响,学界对其成因机制存在较大争议。陡倾面风化穴(tafone)在花岗岩等粒状岩石表面较为发育,泰山西麓球状风化花岗岩岩石陡倾面常发育有大量tafoni。本文经详细调查和综合分析,认为tafoni的发展过程可分为“幼年、少年、青年、壮年、老年、消亡”6个阶段,所有成熟风化穴都是由基岩表面穴状孔洞向岩石内部(即负球状)持续扩展而成,并最终将相互贯穿、融合为沟槽状并消亡。文章借助负球状风化理论,认为tafoni的形成是负球状风化的结果。负球状风化是一种特殊的球状风化现象,花岗岩原生节理对其具有控制和破坏作用;并通过化学风化、物理风化等作用,使岩穴呈球状向岩石内部风化扩展,与球状风化作用相耦合,大幅提高岩石风化速率。The phenomenon of cavernous weathering develop widely in different types of lithologies around the World.However,there are many controversies due to different geological and environmental conditions.Tafoni occur generally in granular rocks such as granite.A large amount of tafoni is often developed on the steep surface of spheroidal weathered granite at the west side of Mount Taishan.Based on detailed investigation and comprehensive analysis,this contribution suggests that there are six evolving stages of the tafonies,including the infant,child-hood,youth,adult,elder,and departed stages.All mature weathering cavernous are formed by pits expanding into the interior of granite(i.e.,negative spheroidal weathering),and ultimately,result in interpenetration,fusion and dissolution.The article suggests that the formation of tafoni is the result of negative spherical weathering with the theory of negative spherical weathering.Negative spherical weathering is a special phenomenon of spherical weathering,which is controlled and destroyed by the primary joints of granite;weathering cavernous expand into rock as sphericity through chemical and physical weathering;the coupling style of negative spheroidal weathering with spheroidal weathering increases the rate of rock weathering significantly.

关 键 词：负球状风化 花岗岩 陡倾面风化穴 泰山西麓 

分 类 号：P512.1[天文地球—地质学]