抚育管理对三峡库区不同类型马尾松林林下群落物种多样性的影响——以秭归县为例  

Effects of tending management on species diversity of subforest communities of different types of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir area:A case study of Zigui County

作　　者：施蕾 王晓荣[2] 史玉虎[2] 庞宏东[2] 杨佳伟 辜忠春[2] 费永俊[1] SHI Lei;WANG Xiao-rong;SHI Yu-hu;PANG Hong-dong;YANG Jia-wei;GU Zhong-chun;FEI Yong-jun(College of Horticulture and Gardening,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Hubei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan 430075,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]湖北省林业科学研究院,武汉430075

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2025年第2期104-111,共8页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专题“马尾松近成熟林近自然林分结构改造与水土保持功能提升技术研发与示范”(2023YFF1305201-6);湖北省林业科技支撑重点项目“退耕还林生态效益监测评估体系构建与应用”([2024]LYKJ07)。

摘　　要：探究不同树种组成配置及抚育管理对马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)林林下各层次植物群落物种多样性的影响,在秭归县青林口林场选择抚育型马尾松+杉木混交林(Ⅰ)、抚育型马尾松+油茶混交林(Ⅱ)、未管理型马尾松纯林(Ⅲ)、未管理型马尾松+杉木混交林(Ⅳ)4种典型林分类型,比较分析不同类型马尾松林灌木层、草本层和更新层的物种多样性以及与相关林分因子的关系。结果表明,不同类型马尾松林林下植被物种数均以灌木层最高,且抚育型马尾松+杉木混交林林下群落各层次物种数均最高。抚育型马尾松+油茶混交林灌木层的Margalef丰富度指数(DM)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H)、Simpson优势度指数(D)及Pielou均匀度指数(E)均明显低于其他林分类型(P<0.05);不同类型马尾松林草本层的DM、H及D指数大小变化排序一致,均为Ⅰ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ,抚育型马尾松+杉木混交林的DM及D指数显著高于其他群落(P<0.05);更新层的E指数在不同林分类型间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。林分密度与灌木层DM、H、D及E指数均呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01);平均枝下高与更新层DM、H、D及E指数均呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05)。树种组成配置、抚育管理、林分密度及平均枝下高均会对马尾松林下群落物种多样性产生显著影响。建议在三峡库区马尾松林分经营管理过程中,不断优化林分结构,配置合适的混交树种,强化抚育管理,合理调控林分密度,有利于促进马尾松人工林分的正向演替发展。To investigate the effects of different tree species composition configuration and nursery management on the species diversi⁃ty of plant communities at various levels in the understory of Pinus Massoniana forests,four typical stand types,namely,nurtured P.massoniana+Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest(Ⅰ),nurtured P.massoniana+Camellia oleifera mixed forest(Ⅱ),unman⁃aged P.massoniana pure forest(Ⅲ)and unmanaged P.massoniana+C.lanceolata mixed forest(Ⅳ)were selected at Qinglinkou of Zigui County,to comparatively analyse the diversity of species in the shrub layer,herb layer and regeneration layer of P.massoniana forests of different types,as well as the relationship with stand factors.The results showed that,the number of species in the understo⁃rey of different types of P.massoniana forests was highest in the shrub layer,and the number of species in each layer of the understo⁃rey of the nurtured P.massoniana+Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest was the highest.The Margalef’s richness index(DM),Shan⁃non-Wiener’s diversity index(H),Simpson’s dominance index(D)and Pielou’s evenness index(E)in the shrub layer of the nur⁃tured P.massoniana+C.oleifera mixed forest were significantly lower than those of other stand types(P<0.05);the DM,H and D in⁃dices of the herbaceous layer of different types of P.massoniana forests were in the same order of change,withⅠ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ.The DM and D indices of the nurtured P.massoniana+C.lanceolata mixed forest were significantly higher than those of other communities(P<0.05);and there was a significant difference in the E index of the regeneration layer among different types(P<0.05).Stand den⁃sity was significantly negatively correlated with DM,H,D and E indices of the shrub layer(P<0.01);average height below branches was significantly negatively correlated with DM,H,D and E indices of the regeneration layer(P<0.05).Species composition,mainte⁃nance management,stand density and mean understory height all had significant effects on the species diversity

关 键 词：马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)林 树种组成配置 抚育管理 林下植物群落 三峡库区 

分 类 号：S791.248[农业科学—林木遗传育种]