聚磷酸铵型水溶肥对三七药材生长和土壤微生物的影响  

Effect of ammonium polyphosphate type water-soluble fertilizer on the growth and cultivation soils microorganisms of Panax notoginseng

作　　者：史玉宝 邓日建[1] 蒋莉 周雅琴[1] 刘颖颖 陈路[1] SHI Yu-bao;DENG Ri-jian;JIANG Li;ZHOU Ya-qin;LIU Ying-ying;CHEN Lu(Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants,Nanning 530023,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区药用植物园,南宁530023

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2025年第2期128-137,共10页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20212131);广西中医药适宜技术开发与推广项目(GZSY2024005)。

摘　　要：为保证三七[Panax notoginseng(Burk)F. H. Chen]药材的质量稳定与溯源,简化施肥并提高其种植效率,进行了田间小区肥料替代试验。以习惯施肥为对照(CK),基于聚磷酸铵型水溶肥(SRF)设计替代施肥(T1)、减量施肥(T2)、配方施肥(T3)3个处理。结果表明,SRF处理下,三七的农艺性状和氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)营养成分,以及土壤中有机质(SOM)、阳离子交换量(CEC)等土壤理化性质与CK相比无显著差异;与CK相比,T3没有改变土壤细菌的物种多样性和丰富度,也未对土壤真菌的物种丰富度产生影响,但T3提高了土壤真菌的物种多样性。相比习惯施肥,聚磷酸铵型水溶肥在实现三七节本、增效种植的同时,还可以通过改善土壤菌群结构降低施肥对土壤环境的危害,可大面积推广应用。To safeguard the quality consistency and traceability of Panax notoginseng,while streamlining fertilization practices and enhancing cultivation efficiency,a field plot fertilizer substitution trial was executed.Employing traditional fertilization as the control(CK),three distinct experimental treatments were crafted utilizing ammonium polyphosphate water-soluble fertilizer(SRF):Alterna⁃tive fertilization(T1),reduced fertilization(T2),and formula fertilization(T3).The results showed that under SRF treatment,there were no significant differences in agronomic traits,nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K)nutrients,soil organic matter(SOM),cation exchange capacity(CEC)and other soil physical and chemical properties of Panax Notoginseng compared with CK.Compared with CK,T3 did not change the species diversity and richness of soil bacteria,and did not affect the species richness of soil fungi,but T3 increased the species diversity of soil fungi.Compared with conventional fertilization,ammonium polyphosphate watersoluble fertilizer could not only achieve cost saving and efficiency improvement for the cultivation of Panax notoginseng,but also re⁃duce the harm of fertilization to the soil environment by improving the structure of soil flora,soit could be widely applied.

关 键 词：聚磷酸铵 水溶肥 三七[Panax notoginseng(Burk)F.H.Chen] 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S567.236[农业科学—中草药栽培] S154[农业科学—作物学]