添加糖蜜与预处理对油菜秸秆微贮饲料品质的影响  

Effects of molasses addition and pretreatment on forage quality of rape straw micro-storage

作　　者：王砚[1] 刘恒恒 伍玉鹏[1] 刘兵 张艳艳 徐志宇 WANG Yan;LIU Heng-heng;WU Yu-peng;LIU Bin;ZHANG Yan-yan;XU Zhi-yu(College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Jingmen Kemu Industry Co.,Ltd.,Jingmen 448000,Hubei,China;Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection Station,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070 [2]荆门市科牧牛业有限公司,湖北荆门448000 [3]农业农村部农业生态与资源保护总站,北京100125

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2025年第2期138-143,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2023BCB042);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-12)。

摘　　要：为分析不同水平糖蜜与不同预处理方式对油菜秸秆饲料品质的影响,采用高温蒸煮、好氧预处理和高温蒸煮联合好氧预处理对油菜秸秆进行预处理后,再进行厌氧发酵,期间添加0%、5%和10%的糖蜜,添加比例以鲜重为基础。发酵完成后,分析各处理发酵饲料感官评价和营养品质。结果表明,随着糖蜜添加量从0%增加至10%,高温蒸煮预处理油菜秸秆饲料的粗蛋白质(CP)含量从3.55%上升至7.07%、可溶性糖(WSC)含量从0.56%上升至1.23%、干物质(DM)含量从33.02%下降至30.99%、pH从4.44下降至4.08、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量分别减少14.16%和12.16%;好氧预处理饲料的CP和DM含量均略有上升,WSC含量不升反降,pH从5.38下降至4.02,WSC、ADF和NDF含量分别减少0.46%、7.66%和7.43%;好氧发酵与高温蒸煮联合预处理饲料的CP含量从6.66%上升至11.06%、WSC含量从0.49%上升至0.97%,DM、ADF和NDF含量变化不大。因此,糖蜜添加能有效提高3种不同预处理油菜秸秆微贮饲料品质,糖蜜添加量以10%为宜。Effects of molasses addition(0%,5%and 10%)and pretreatment(high temperature cooking,aerobic pretreatment and high temperature cooking combined with aerobic pretreatment)on forage quality of rape straw micro-storage were analyzed.The re⁃sults showed that within the high-temperature cooking pretreatment,the CP and WSC content of ensiled rape straw feed increased from 3.55%to 7.07%and 0.56%to 1.23%respectively,with the increase of molasses addition.DM content decreased from 33.02%,and pH declined from 4.44 to 4.08.While ADF and NDF content decreased by 14.16%and 12.16%respectively,with the increase of molasses addition.Within the aerobic pretreatment,the CP and DM contents of ensiled rape straw feed increased slightly with the in⁃crease of molasses addition,while pH declinced from 5.38 to 4.02,and WSC,ADF and NDF content decreased by 0.46%,7.66%and 7.43%,respectively.Within the combination of high temperature cooking and aerobic pretreatment,the CP and WSC contents of ensiled rape straw feed increased from 6.66%to 11.06%and 0.49%to 0.97%respectively,with the increasing of molasses addition.While non-significant change was detected for DM,ADF and NDF contents.Therefore,the addition of molasses could effectively im⁃prove the fermentation quality of rape straw micro-storage,no matter what kinds of pretreatment adopted.In addition,the optimal amount of molasses addition was 10%based on the fresh amount of rape straw.

关 键 词：油菜秸秆 微贮 预处理 糖蜜添加 饲料品质 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]