国家公园地方立法的形式主义困境及其克服  

The Formalism Dilemma in Local Legislation of National Parks and Its Undoing

作　　者：王社坤 赵亚朦 Wang Shekun;Zhao Yameng(Law School,Northwest University,Xi an 710127;School of Literature and Law,Sias University,Zhengzhou 451150,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学法学院 [2]郑州西亚斯学院文法学院

出　　处：《江苏大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期72-82,93,共12页Journal of Jiangsu University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BFX167);台达集团中达环境法学教育促进计划。

摘　　要：国家公园作为我国生态文明建设的“国之重器”,需要立法层面的顶层设计。在中央立法缺位的情形下,通过地方立法为国家公园提供立法保障成为一种可供选择的立法模式,同时可为中央立法积累经验。当前国家公园的地方立法存在形式主义困境,主要表现为立法模式的趋同化和立法内容的同质化。国家公园地方立法的形式主义根源于国家公园立法领域的央地事权认知不清,具体表现为央地立法价值的认知偏差、央地事权配置的规范模糊以及法制统一禁限的风险规避。因此,需要通过充分认识并发挥地方立法的价值、建立央地事权划分的动态调整机制以及强化正确的风险防范举措来消解国家公园地方立法的形式主义困境。National parks,as the“national treasures”of China s ecological civilization construction,urgently require top-level legislative design.In the absence of central legislation,providing legislative protection for national parks through local legislation has become an optional legislative model as well as accumulates experience for central legislation.The current local legislation in national parks is caught in a dilemma of formalism,mainly manifested in the convergence of legislative models and the homogenization of legislative content.Such formalism is rooted in the unclear understanding of central and local powers in the field of national park legislation,as is manifested in the cognitive bias of central and local legislative values,the vague norms of central and local power allocation,and the risk avoidance of unified legal restrictions.Therefore,it is urgent to fully understand and leverage the value of local legislation,establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the division of central and local powers,and strengthen the correct risk prevention measures to alleviate the dilemma of formalism in local legislation on national parks.

关 键 词：国家公园 地方立法 形式主义 央地事权划分 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]