恩格斯晚年书信中的三重逻辑与中国式现代化的创新意蕴  

The Historical Materialisms in Engels’Later Letters and the Innovation of Chinese Path to Modernization

作　　者：杨与时 刘军[1] YANG Yu-shi;LIU Jun

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院,北京100871

出　　处：《求是学刊》2025年第2期32-38,共7页Seeking Truth

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“以中国式现代化推进中华民族伟大复兴研究”。

摘　　要：恩格斯在晚年的书信中捍卫了唯物史观的科学性。面对将唯物史观等同于机械决定论的解读范式,恩格斯强调了非经济因素在历史发展过程中的作用;面对将人的意志在历史发展中虚无化的思潮,恩格斯阐明了人在历史发展中的作用,提出“历史合力论”;面对教条化理解与应用马克思主义的做法,恩格斯揭示了马克思主义的方法论本质。正如恩格斯晚年所处时代的特征一样,起源于19世纪的马克思主义在当代也面临着理论与实践层面的挑战。中国特色社会主义进入新时代,以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴成为新时代中国共产党的中心任务。有别于现代化的资本主义模式与传统社会主义模式,中国式现代化坚持以人为中心,坚持系统观念。在推进中国式现代化的进程中,中国共产党始终将马克思主义作为科学的方法论来对待,避免了理论的教条化。这在实现对以往现代化模式超越的同时,也续写了唯物史观在当代中国的新篇章,体现出唯物史观的时代价值。Engels defended historical materialism as a scientific theory in his later letters.In the face of the interpretation paradigm that equates historical materialism with mechanical determinism,Engels emphasized the role of non-economic factors in the process of historical development.Faced with the trend of thought that ignored human will in the development of history,he clarified the role of man in the development of history and put forward the“theory of historical synergy”.For the dogmatic understanding and application of Marx-ism,Engels revealed that Marxism is a methodology.Just like the era in which Engels lived in his later years,Marxism,which originated in the 19th century,also faces challenges in theory and practice in contemporary times.Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,and comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese path to modernization has become the central task of the Com-munist Party of China(CPC)in the new era.Different from the capitalist modernization model and the tradi-tional socialist modernization model,Chinese path to modernization insists on putting people at the center and adhering to a systematic concept.In advancing Chinese-style modernization,CPC has always treated Marxism as a scientific methodology,avoiding the dogmatism of theory.This realizes the transcendence of previous mod-ernization models while renewing the new chapter of historical materialism in contemporary China,reflecting the contemporary value of historical materialism.

关 键 词：恩格斯晚年书信 唯物史观 中国式现代化 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]