人工湿地对微塑料去除及其影响研究进展  

Research progress on microplastics removal and its effects by constructed wetlands

作　　者：郭培勋 许兵[1] 杨晓彤 姚兴洁 GUO Peixun;XU Bing;YANG Xiaotong;YAO Xingjie(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan Shandong 250101)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2025年第3期22-29,共8页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(No.ZR2023MD011)。

摘　　要：水体中微塑料(MPs)的存在对生态环境和人类健康构成了严重威胁,有效去除水中的MPs是目前环境领域的研究热点。人工湿地(CWs)作为一种高效、环保的水处理系统,已逐步应用于水体中MPs的去除。综述了MPs的来源分布及利用CWs中植物、基质、微生物、动物等去除MPs的研究进展,并详细评估了MPs对CWs中碳、氮、磷等元素去除的影响。MPs能调控植物对氮素的吸收,并对微生物的生长、群落组成和氮转化相关酶的活性造成影响,从而改变CWs中氮去除效率;MPs会对磷的去除产生负面影响,而对碳的影响较小,影响机理仍需进一步研究。The presence of microplastics(MPs)in aquatic environments poses a serious threat to both ecological environment and human health,realizing the effective removal of MPs from water becomes a current research hotspot in the environmental field.Constructed wetlands(CWs),as an efficient and environmental-friendly water treatment system,have been utilized for the removal of MPs from water increasingly.The sources and distributions of MPs,and the research progress on removal of MPs through plants,substrates,microorganisms and animals in CWs were summarized.Additionally,the effects of MPs on the removal of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in CWs were evaluated detailedly.MPs can influence the absorption of nitrogen by plants and affect microbial growth,community composition and activity of nitrogen transformation-related enzymes,thereby altering the nitrogen removal efficiency of CWs.MPs will have a negative impact on phosphorus removal,while their impact on carbon is relatively small,and the mechanism of their influence still needs further research.

关 键 词：人工湿地 微塑料 去除 影响 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]