降雨径流面源污染作用下河道水环境容量计算  

Calculation of river water environmental capacity under the influence of rainfall runoff non-point source pollution

作　　者：邢召鹏 华国芬[1] 刘尚清 杨校礼[1] 吴龙华[1] XING Zhaopeng;HUA Guofen;LIU Shangqing;YANG Xiaoli;WU Longhua(College of Water Conservancy&Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210098)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2025年第3期88-92,100,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：中国电建西北勘测设计院研究有限公司平台项目(No.XBY-KJ-2024-60);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52271273)。

摘　　要：目前非点源污染为主导的水环境容量计算主要采用定常流量计算方法,传统的集总式美国土壤保持局曲线数模型(SCS-CN模型)未能准确反映区域产流产污的时空异质性,针对此问题,对SCS-CN模型进行降雨量差值改进,实现研究区域的网格化计算,并利用改进后的模型计算氨氮的污染负荷。在选定研究区域内的特定河段后,基于控制单元设定,采用试错法确定其汇水区域,结合降雨径流面源污染负荷,运用响应系数法计算该河段的水环境容量。将计算得出的氨氮容纳量重新输入水环境容量模型的结果显示,在1—9月,控制断面的氨氮浓度在90%的时间内符合《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)Ⅲ类标准。这表明,基于降雨径流面源污染特征的水环境容量计算方法具有合理性和可行性。The current calculation of water environmental capacity dominated by non-point source pollution primarily employs steady-state flow methods.The traditional lumped SCS-CN model fails to accurately reflect the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of regional runoff and pollution.To address this issue,an improved SCS-CN model incorporating rainfall difference was developed,enabling grid-based calculation for the research area.The improved model was employed to estimate ammonia nitrogen pollution load.After selecting a specific river section within the study area,the watershed was determined using a trial-and-error approach based on control units.Combining the non-point source pollution load from rainfall runoff,the response coefficient method was applied to calculate the water environmental capacity of the river section.The results of re-inputting the calculated ammonia nitrogen capacity into the water environmental capacity model showed that the ammonia nitrogen concentration at the control section met the Class Ⅲ standards of the“Environmental quality standards for surface water”(GB 3838-2002)for at least 90% of the time during the period from January to September.It indicated that the water environmental capacity calculation based on the characteristics of rainfall runoff non-point source pollution was reasonable and reliable.

关 键 词：SCS-CN模型 降雨径流 水动力过程 水环境容量 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]