早期足月小样儿、晚期足月小样儿及健康足月儿0~2岁体格发育比较  

Comparison of physical development from 0 to 2 years of age among early-term small-for-gestational-age,late-term small-for-gestational-age,and healthy full-term infants

作　　者：王亚东 李洁 张江华 郭华 杨瑞敏 冀京雷 范雪爱 Wang Yadong;Li Jie;Zhang Jianghua;Guo Hua;Yang Ruimin;Ji Jinglei;Fan Xueai(Department of Neonatology,Xingtai Central Hospital,Xingtai Hebei 054000,China;Department of Child Health Care,Xingtai Central Hospital,Xingtai Hebei 054000,China;Department of Neurology,The Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College,Xingtai Hebei 054000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省邢台市中心医院新生儿科,河北邢台054000 [2]河北省邢台市中心医院儿童保健科,河北邢台054000 [3]邢台医学院附属医院神经内科,河北邢台054000

出　　处：《保健医学研究与实践》2024年第12期114-119,共6页Health Medicine Research and Practice

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究项目(20242131)。

摘　　要：目的探讨早期足月小样儿、晚期足月小样儿及健康足月儿0~2岁体格发育状况,为足月小样儿早期健康干预提供科学依据。方法选取2022年4月—2024年4月在邢台市中心医院新生儿科出生的84例足月小样儿作为研究对象,并依据足月小样儿出生胎龄分为早期足月小样儿组(n=42)、晚期足月小样儿组(n=42),另选择医院同期出生的42例健康足月新生儿作为健康足月儿组。分析比较各组儿童0~2岁的体格发育特点。结果健康足月儿、早期足月小样儿、晚期足月小样儿组儿童性别构成、胎龄比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);早期足月小样儿、晚期足月小样儿组儿童出生体质量均低于健康足月儿组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);早期足月小样儿、晚期足月小样儿组儿童出生身长均短于健康足月儿组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早期足月小样儿、晚期足月小样儿组儿童出生后各月龄体质量与身长Z分数均低于健康足月儿组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早期足月小样儿、晚期足月小样儿组儿童各月龄低体质量、生长迟缓、消瘦占比均高于健康足月儿组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);早期足月小样儿、晚期足月小样儿组儿童各月龄超重和肥胖占比均低于健康足月儿组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早期足月小样儿、晚期足月小样儿组儿童快速生长占比均高于健康足月儿,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相对健康足月儿,早期足月小样儿、晚期足月小样儿早期体格发育落后,但2年内体质量和身长的追赶生长比例较高,另外足月小样儿营养不良发生率也较高。因此,临床及家庭均需加强儿童出生后的早期营养保健管理和生长速率监测,不仅可促进足月小样儿快速追赶生长,同时可预防足月小样儿营养不良的发生。Objective To investigate the physical development of early-term small-for-gestational-age(SGA),late-term SGA,and healthy full-term infants from 0 to 2 years of age,providing evidence for early health interventions in SGA infants.Methods A total of 84 full-term SGA infants born in the Department of Neonatology at Xingtai Central Hospital from April 2022 to A-pril 2024 were selected as the study participants.Based on gestational age,they were allocated to an early-term SGA group(n=42)and a late-term SGA group(n=42).Additionally,42 healthy full-term newborns born during the same period were selected as the healthy full-term group.The physical development characteristics of each group from 0 to 2 years of age were analyzed and compared.Results No significant differences were noted in gender composition or gestational age among the healthy full-term,early-term SGA,and late-term SGA groups(P>0.05).The birth weight of both early-term and late-term SGA infants was significantly lower than that of the healthy full-term group(P<0.05).The birth length of both early-term and late-term SGA infants was significantly shorter than that of the healthy full-term group(P<0.05).The Z-scores for weight and length at each month of age in the early-term and late-term SGA groups were significantly lower than those in the healthy full-term group(P<0.05).The proportions of low weight,stunted growth,and wasting at each month of age were significantly higher in the early-term and late-term SGA groups compared to the healthy full-term group(P<0.05).The pro-portions of overweight and obesity at each month of age were significantly lower in the early-term and late-term SGA groups compared to the healthy full-term group(P<0.05).The proportion of rapid growth was significantly higher in the early-term and late-term SGA groups compared to the healthy full-term group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared to healthy full-term in-fants,early-term and late-term SGA infants demonstrate delayed early physical development,but they show a higher propor-tion of cat

关 键 词：早期足月小样儿 健康足月儿 体格发育 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]