考虑周转率的多目标备件动态库存控制策略  

Multi-Objective Dynamic Inventory Control Strategy Considering Turnover Rate for Spare Parts

作　　者：杨华强[1] 邱宇 李源[2] 曹蕾 夏唐斌[2] YANG Hua-qiang;QIU Yu;LI Yuan;CAO Lei;XIA Tang-bin(Hubei China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430020;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200241)

机构地区：[1]湖北中烟工业有限责任公司,湖北武汉430020 [2]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200241

出　　处：《制造业自动化》2025年第3期77-86,共10页Manufacturing Automation

基　　金：上海市“科技创新行动计划”自然科学基金(20ZR1428600);湖北中烟工业有限责任公司合作项目(2022JSGY3SC2B033);国家自然科学基金(72271162)。

摘　　要：合理的备件库存控制策略对制造企业稳定生产和经济效益产生直接影响,特别是对生产影响大、占用资金多的A类备件,此类备件往往提前期长、需求变化复杂。为此,提出了基于未来预测和历史需求的考虑成本、满足率和周转率的两个多目标备件动态库存控制策略。通过某卷烟厂的真实数据验证证明,相比企业现存策略,对于需求发生时间不稳定且存在需求的时间较少的备件,基于未来预测的动态策略效果最好,各指标综合表现提升50.74%;而对于需求发生时间相对稳定的备件,基于历史需求的动态策略更具优越性,各指标综合表现提升4.31%。同时,对每个目标的权重进行敏感性分析。结果表明当满足率重要性提高时,应优先选择基于未来预测的动态策略,而当企业更关注总成本和周转率时,应考虑使用基于历史需求的动态策略。研究结果为制造企业在不同需求特征和不同的目标要求下选择合适的库存控制策略提供了重要的管理启示。A reasonable inventory control strategy for spare parts has direct influence on the stable production and the economic benefit of manufacturing enterprises,especially on the spare parts of class A with large production influence and large consumption.This kind of spare parts tends to have a long lead time and complicated demand changes.Therefore,two multi-objective dynamic inventory control strategies considering cost,satisfaction rate and turnover rate are proposed based on future prediction and historical demand.The effect of the model is verified by the real data of one cigarette factory.It is proved that,compared with the enterprise’s existing strategy,the dynamic model based on future prediction has the best effect for the spare parts whose demand occurrence time is unstable and less,with the comprehensive performance of each index improved by 50.74%.For the spare parts whose demand occurrence time is relatively stable,the dynamic model based on historical demand is more advantageous with comprehensive performance of each index increased by 4.31%.Meanwhile,the sensitivity analysis of each target’s weight is also carried out.The analysis shows that the dynamic model based on future prediction should be prioritized when the importance of the fill rate increases,whereas the dynamic model based on historical demand should be considered when the enterprise is more concerned about the total cost and turnover rate.The research results provide important management guidance for manufacturing enterprises to choose appropriate inventory control strategy under different demand characteristics and different target requirements.

关 键 词：备件管理 库存控制 动态策略 多目标优化 

分 类 号：F423[经济管理—产业经济] F274