某型蓄电池轨道车车架缩尺模型的设计与实验分析  

Design and Experimental Analysis of a Battery Railcar Frame Scale Model

作　　者：申阳 许广泰 熊新 熊雄 周明刚[1] SHEN Yang;XU Guang-tai;XIONG Xin;XIONG Xiong;ZHOU Ming-gang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068;Hubei Srida Heavy-Duty Engineering Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Xiangyang 441116;Wuhan Leaddo Measuring&Control Technology.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430070)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学机械工程学院,湖北武汉430068 [2]湖北时瑞达重型工程机械有限公司,湖北襄阳441116 [3]武汉利德测控技术有限公司,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《制造业自动化》2025年第3期182-188,共7页Manufacturing Automation

基　　金：湖北省重大项目(2022EHB022)。

摘　　要：根据国标要求,某型蓄电池轨道车车架需要进行静力学、动力学校核和试验。在进行试验分析时,由于结构尺寸较大,采用等比例的原车架进行相关研究比较困难,因此开展缩尺的研究。根据轨道车车架的实际参数建立了材料、几何、载荷、动力等特征量的相似常数集合,使用相似常数将原车架设计主参数转换为缩尺车架的设计主参数。使用有限元分析软件对缩尺车架进行静、动力学仿真计算,得到缩尺车架的刚度、强度、阻尼以及质量的计算值。将其与相似理论计算得到的设计值进行比较,误差均小于10%,可以认定设计的缩尺车架与原车架具有相似性。对实物缩尺模型采用单点激励的模态分析方法进行实验,得到缩尺模型的模态频率与理论值相差小于10%,验证了缩尺车架实物模型与理论模型的一致性。According to the requirements of the national standard,the frame of a certain type of battery rail vehicle needs to be checked and tested in terms of statics and dynamics.In the experimental analysis,it is difficult to use the original frame in equal proportion to carry out the relevant research due to the large size of the structure,hence the research on the scale is carried out.According to the actual parameters of railcar frame,a set of similarity constants of material,geometry,load and power is established.The similarity constant is used to convert the main design parameters of the original frame into the main design parameters of the scale frame.The finite element analysis software is used to simulate the static and dynamic simulation of the scale frame,and the calculated values of the stiffness,strength,damping and mass of the scale frame are obtained.Comparing it with the design value calculated by the similarity theory,the error is less than 10%.It can be concluded that the designed scale frame is similar to the original frame.The modal analysis method of single-point excitation is used to test the physical scale model.The difference between the modal frequency of the scale model and the theoretical value is less than 10%,which verifies the consistency between the physical model and the theoretical model of the scale frame.

关 键 词：轨道车辆 缩尺模型 相似理论 模态分析 

分 类 号：TH164[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]