基于分布式光纤传感的电缆局部放电检测系统研究  

Research on Cable Partial Discharge Detection System Based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing

作　　者：郝宇杰 张红娟[1] 高妍[1] 靳宝全 HAO Yujie;ZHANG Hongjuan;GAO Yan;JIN Baoquan(College of Electrical and Power Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology;Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System,Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province,Taiyuan University of Technology)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学电气与动力工程学院 [2]太原理工大学新型传感器与智能控制教育部与山西省重点实验室

出　　处：《仪表技术与传感器》2025年第2期57-62,共6页Instrument Technique and Sensor

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62375197);山西省重点研发计划项目(202102130501021);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX20231B004);山西省科技创新团队项目(201805D131003)。

摘　　要：电力电缆的局放监测对电力系统的安全运行至关重要。文中设计了一种基于分布式光纤传感的电缆局部放电检测系统,并提出了一种综合应用频分复用技术和啁啾脉冲调制的方法,用于提升传统相位敏感光时域反射仪(Φ-OTDR)的信噪比和频率响应范围。在一个探测周期中,将原本的单个单频窄脉冲改为多个不同频段的啁啾长脉冲,利用匹配滤波器进行脉冲压缩的同时实现不同频率后向瑞利散射信号的分离,在不降低空间分辨率的同时,提高探测脉冲的能量和重复频率。搭建了10 kV电力电缆局部放电实验平台,实验结果表明:相较于传统Φ-OTDR系统,利用脉冲压缩技术保持了10 m的空间分辨率,后向瑞利散射信号信噪比提升12.2 dB,超声信号检测信噪比提升了4.1 dB,频分复用技术将采样频率提升至100 kHz,验证了局放事件的多点定位能力,并还原了3.9 km处频率为28.2 kHz的局部放电超声信号。Partial discharge monitoring of power cables is crucial for the safe operation of the power system.A cable partial discharge ultrasonic detection system based on distributed fiber sensing was designed,and a method of integrated application of frequency division multiplexing technology and chirped pulse modulation was proposed,which aimed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and frequency response range of traditional phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer(Φ-OTDR).Within a single detection cycle,the single narrow-band pulse was changed to a plurality of chirped long pulses in different frequency bands,and the backward Rayleigh scattering signals of different frequencies were separated by using matched filters for pulse compression.The energy and repetition frequency of the detection pulses were improved without reducing the spatial resolution.A 10 kV power cable partial discharge experimental platform was constructed.The results show that,compared to traditionalΦ-OTDR system,the spatial resolution of 10 m is maintained by pulse compression technology.The signal-to-noise ratio of back rayleigh scattering signal is increased by 12.2 dB.The signal-to-noise ratio of ultrasonic signal is increased by 4.1 dB after de-modulation.The sampling frequency is increased to 100 kHz by frequency division multiplexing technology.The multi-point loca-tion capability of local release events is verified.And the partial discharge ultrasonic signal with a frequency of 28.2 kHz at 3.9 km was restored.

关 键 词：Φ-OTDR 脉冲压缩 频分复用 啁啾脉冲 局部放电监测 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]