贵州省岑巩县黑线姬鼠种群繁殖参数变化规律  

The reproductive parameter variations of Apodemus agrarius population in Cengong County,Guizhou Province

作　　者：符蓉 夏薪杰 田勇 许兴亮 FU Rong;XIA Xinjie;TIAN Yong;XU Xingliang(Plant Protection Station of Cengong County,Cengong,Guizhou 557800,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省岑巩县植物保护站,贵州岑巩557800

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2025年第1期120-127,共8页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：贵州省高层次创新型人才培养项目(黔科合人才[2015]4019号);遵义市首批市级人才基地项目(遵委[2019]69号)。

摘　　要：【目的】为掌握贵州省岑巩县黑线姬鼠种群繁殖参数变化规律,为其预测及防治提供有价值的理论依据。【方法】贵州省岑巩县于2013—2024年期间,每月采用夹夜法调查鼠情,对农田区黑线姬鼠种群性比、怀孕率、睾丸下降率、繁殖指数的时间变异规律进行统计分析。【结果】岑巩县12年黑线姬鼠种群总性比为1.43,雌雄两性个体数量存在显著差异,总体年平均怀孕率为35.27%,平均胎仔数为4.95只,平均睾丸下降率为81.86%,平均繁殖指数为1.03。在一年中,雌鼠在4—5月和8—9月呈现2个怀孕高峰期,平均怀孕率为76.47%~80.95%和43.75%~46.51%,雄鼠睾丸下降率一直保持在较高状态,平均睾丸下降率为22.22%~100.00%,雌鼠怀孕率与雄鼠睾丸下降率的不同月份变化曲线表现为同步变动趋势。第1个繁殖高峰出现在4—5月,第2个繁殖高峰出现在8—9月,繁殖指数分别为2.24~2.56和1.39~1.49。春季和秋季是当地黑线姬鼠的主要繁殖季节。由此可见,黑线姬鼠种群繁殖参数在年度间、月份间、季节间存在明显的差异。【结论】研究结果揭示了岑巩县农田黑线姬鼠繁殖参数年度间、月份间、季节间变化规律,明确了每年的4月和8月是当地黑线姬鼠防治关键时期,为该鼠种群数量预测预报及防控工作提供理论依据。[Objective]This study was conducted to master the temporal differentiation law of the reproductive parameters of Apodemus agrarius population in Cengong County,Guizhou Province,and provide valuable theoretical basis for its prediction and control.[Method]During the period of 2013—2024,the rat situation was investigated every month by the method of trapping night,and the temporal differentiation law of population sex ratios,pregnancy rates,testicular decline rates and reproductive indexes of A.agrarius in farmland area was studied in Cengong County,Guizhou Province.[Result]The total sex ratio of A.agrarius in Cengong county in 12 years was 1.43,and there was a significant difference in the number of females and males.The overall annual average pregnancy rate was 35.27%,the average number of offspring was 4.95,the average testicular decline rate was 81.86%,and the average reproductive index was 1.03.In a year,females showed two pregnancy peaks in April-May and August-September.Their average pregnancy rates were 76.47%-80.95%and 43.75%-46.51%,and the testicular decline rate of male rats remained at a high level,with an average testicular decline rate of 22.22%-100.00%.The monthly variation curves of the pregnancy rate of female rats and the testicular decline rate of male rats showed a synchronous trend.The first reproductive peak appeared in April-May,and the second reproductive peak appeared in August-September,with reproductive indexes of 2.24-2.56 and 1.39-1.49,respectively.Spring and autumn were the main breeding seasons of local A.agrarius.It can be seen that the population reproductive parameters of A.agrarius were obviously different among years,months and seasons.[Conclusion]This study reveals the annual,monthly and seasonal variation of the breeding parameters of A.agrarius in Cengong County.It is clear that the key period of local A.agrarius control is in April and August every year,and the research results provide a valuable theoretical basis for the prediction and prevention of the rat population.

关 键 词：黑线姬鼠 繁殖参数 时间变化规律 

分 类 号：S443.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]