三种日光化蜡器性能对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of the Performance of Three Types of Solar Wax Melters

作　　者：姜武韬 孟庆鑫 蒋忠令 吕明奎 黄融 李慧 葛上伦 梁铖[2] 刘意秋 董坤 周丹银 Jiang Wutao;Meng Qingxin;Jiang Zhongling;Lv Mingkui;Huang Rong;Li Hui;Ge Shanglun;Liang Cheng;Liu Yiqiu;Dong Kun;Zhou Danyin(Eastern Bee Research Institute,College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Mengzi 661100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南农业大学东方蜜蜂研究所,昆明650201 [2]云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所,蒙自661100

出　　处：《中国蜂业》2024年第12期67-72,共6页Apiculture of China

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(蜜蜂)项目(CARS-44-KXJ13);国家自然科学基金项目(32060241,31572339);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2023Y0831)。

摘　　要：日光化蜡器具有融蜡率高,获取蜂蜡质量好等优点,但我国目前关于不同材料和结构日光化蜡器化蜡性能未做对比分析。本实验设计三款日光化蜡器,记录其100min内到达的最高温度及升温速率、遮阴条件下降至60℃的降温速率、50g巢脾1小时的化蜡量及对完整巢脾2小时化蜡量,从而对三种日光化蜡器的升温性能、保温性能和化蜡性能进行对比。结果表明,三种日光化蜡器升温速率无显著差异,但日光化蜡器Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型内部达到的平均最高温度显著大于化蜡器Ⅲ型,而日光化蜡器Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型内部25min温度下降的速率显著大于化蜡器Ⅲ型。此外,日光化蜡器Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型对50g老旧巢脾样本1小时的化蜡量和对完整巢脾2小时的化蜡量都显著大于日光化蜡器Ⅲ型。综上,化蜡器的化蜡效果与箱体内部的升温、保温能力密切相关,化蜡器的设计需要充分优化材料和结构,以获得较强的化蜡能力,本研究的结果将为我国日光化蜡器的推广和蜂蜡的高效生产提供科学依据。The solar wax melter has the advantages of high wax melting rate and good beeswax quality,but the properties of solar wax melter of diff erent materials and structures have not been compared in China.In this experiment,we designed three kinds of solar wax melter and recorded the highest temperature and heating rate reached by these solar wax melters within 100 minutes,the cooling rate to 60℃under shade conditions,the wax melting amount of 50 g old comb in an hour,and the wax melting amount of whole old comb in two hours,so as to compare the heating performance,thermal retention performance and wax melting performance of the three types of solar wax melters.The results showed that there was no signifi cant diff erence in the heating rate of the three types of solar wax melters,but the average maximum temperature reached by type I and type II was signifi cantly higher than that of type III,and the temperature cooling rate of type I and type II in 25 minutes was signifi cantly higher than that of type III.In addition,the wax melting amount of type I and type II for 50 g old comb samples in an hour and the wax melting amount of whole old comb in two hours were signifi cantly higher than those of type III.In summary,the wax melting eff ect of the wax melter is closely related to the temperature rise and thermal retention capacity inside the box.The design of the solar wax melter needs to fully optimize the materials and structure to obtain stronger wax melting ability.The results of this study will provide scientifi c basis for the popularization of solar wax melter and the effi cient production of beeswax in China.

关 键 词：日光化蜡器 老旧巢脾 升温性能 保温性能 化蜡性能 

分 类 号：S89[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]