骨缺损范围可控颌骨放射性骨坏死动物模型的建立  

Establishment of an animal model with controllable osteoradionecrosis of the jaws with bone defect range

作　　者：田佳灵[1] 赵弼洲[1] TIAN Jialing;ZHAO Bizhou(Department of Stomatology in Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省中医院口腔颌面外科,兰州730050

出　　处：《中国实验动物学报》2025年第2期225-231,共7页Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划(23JRRA1232)。

摘　　要：目的 建立一种可控骨缺损范围的,具有早期、轻型颌骨放射性骨坏死(osteoradionecrosis of jaws, ORNJ)特征的动物模型。方法 应用电子直线加速器单次高剂量照射的方法,据照射剂量不同,分为a组(对照组)、b组(12 Gy组)、c组(14 Gy组),每组随机分配6只兔。b组、c组两组右侧下颌骨部位进行放疗照射。1周后所有动物于右侧下颌角处制备标准一致的骨缺损。4周后处死,进行大体观察;下颌骨标本锥形束CT(cone-beam CT,CBCT)扫描及HU值对比;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色组织学观察;抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(tartrate resistant acid phosphatase, Trap)染色组织学观察及破骨细胞计数对比,进行统计学分析。结果 4周后b组、c组术区软组织轻度肿胀,皮肤发紫,口腔粘膜可观察到糜烂破溃,c组更为显著;CBCT检查提示b组、c组两组照射部位骨皮质毛糙,c组骨皮质连续性欠佳,骨缺损范围各组均未观察到明显变化。HU值对比提示b组、c组两组较a组显著减小;HE染色组织学观察提示b组、c组两组骨连续性变差,可见大量纤维组织增生,无细胞空白骨陷窝增多,并能观察到炎细胞浸润;Trap染色破骨细胞计数提示c组破骨细胞较a组显著增多。结论 应用电子直线加速器,对兔下颌角部位进行14 Gy单次照射,并制造骨缺损创伤,4周后可以建立符合ORNJ早期诊断标准,并且骨缺损范围可控的动物模型。Objective To establish,based on new diagnostic criteria for osteoradionecrosis of the jaws(ORNJ),an animal model with a controllable bone defect range and early and mild ORNJ characteristics.Methods A method involving single high⁃dose irradiation with an electron linear accelerator was applied.According to the irradiation dose,the animals were divided into a group(control group);b group(12 Gy group);and c group(14 Gy group).Six rabbits were randomly assigned to each group,b and c groups were uniformly selected for further radiotherapy of the right mandibular area.After 1 week,all animals were prepared with a standard bone defect at the right mandibular angle.After 4 weeks,the animals were euthanized,and general observations were conducted.CBCT scans and HU values of mandibular specimens,HE staining histological observations,Trap staining histology,and osteoclast counts were compared.And the statistical analysis were carried out.Results 4 weeks after the bone defect was created,the soft tissue in the surgical area of b and c groups showed mild swelling,purple skin,and erosion and ulceration of the oral mucosa,with c group showing the most significant changes.CBCT examination showed that the cortical bone of the irradiated areas in b and c groups was rough,while that of c group had poor continuity.No significant changes were observed in the extent of the bone defect in any group,b and c groups had significantly decreased HU values compared with a group.HE staining and histological observation suggested that the bone continuity of b and c groups had deteriorated;there was a large amount of fibrotic tissue proliferation,an increase in blank bone pits without cells,and an infiltration of inflammatory cells.Trap staining revealed a significant increase in osteoclasts in c group compared with a group.Conclusion By using an electron linear accelerator,a single dose of 14 Gy irradiation was applied to the mandibular angle area to create bone defects with consistent specifications in rabbits.After 4 weeks,an animal model

关 键 词：颌骨放射性骨坏死 骨缺损 可控 动物模型 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学]