日本脑炎病毒逃逸Ⅰ型干扰素机制在小鼠感染模型创制中的应用进展  

Japanese encephalitis virus escape typeⅠinterferon mechanism in the creation of a mouse infection model

作　　者：周轶凡 张彩勤 李秉润 包娇娇 张延英[1] 师长宏 ZHOU Yifan;ZHANG Caiqin;LI Bingrun;BAO Jiaojiao;ZHANG Yanying;SHI Changhong(Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China;Laboratory Animal Center,Air Force Medical University,Xi’an 710032,China;No.1 Brigade No.3 Team,Air Force Medical University Basic Medical College,Xi’an 710032,China;No.5 Brigade No.20 Team,Air Force Medical University Basic Medical College,Xi’an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学,兰州730000 [2]空军军医大学实验动物中心,西安710032 [3]空军军医大学基础医学院一大队三队,西安710032 [4]空军军医大学基础医学院五大队二十队,西安710032

出　　处：《中国实验动物学报》2025年第2期288-295,共8页Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica

基　　金：军队实验动物专项课题(SYDW_KY(2021)-14,SYDW_KY(2021)-16,SYDW[2018]08号);陕西省创新能力支撑计划(2023-CX-PT-04,2022PT-36)。

摘　　要：日本脑炎病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus, JEV)感染人体后首先会逃避先天免疫的Ⅰ型干扰素(Ⅰ-interferon,Ⅰ-IFN)的抑制作用,进而感染其他细胞和组织,引起痉挛、神经退行性病变和神经性炎症等系列严重症状甚至死亡。JEV主要通过抑制IFN-α/β产生和干扰素的Janus激酶(Janus kinase, Jak)-信号转导和转录激活子(signal transducer and activator of transcription, STAT)信号通路来逃逸先天免疫,基于JEV的免疫逃逸机制构建了多种小鼠感染模型,用于研究JEV感染的致病机制和治疗方案。本文在阐述JEV的干扰素(interferon, IFN)免疫逃逸机制的基础上,系统介绍了相应的小鼠感染模型,分析该类小鼠模型的特点、人类症状的模拟程度等,基于此可能发现新的研究靶点,进而开发新的JEV感染小鼠模型,为JEV研究提供理想的动物模型。Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)usually evades the inhibitory effect of the innate immunity factor typeⅠinterferon(Ⅰ⁃IFN)when it infects human cells and tissues.The virus then causes a series of serious symptoms,such as spasticity,neurodegenerative lesions,neuroinflammation,and even death.Generally,JEV escapes innate immunity by inhibiting IFN⁃α/βproduction and the interferon Janus kinase⁃signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway.Because of this special immune escape mechanism,various mouse infection models have been constructed for the study of the pathogenesis of and therapeutic regimens for JEV infections.In this review,based on an exposition of the IFN immune escape mechanism of JEV,we systematically introduce the concept of JEV⁃infected mouse models and analyze the characteristics of these models and the degree to which they simulate human symptoms.The intention is to develop various new JEV⁃infected mouse models based on potential new research targets and provide novel ideas for animal models for JEV research.

关 键 词：日本脑炎病毒 Ⅰ型干扰素 免疫逃逸 小鼠模型 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学]