基于两相流模型分析边坡细沟扩张侵蚀机理与形态演化特征  

Expanded Erosion Mechanism and Morphological Evolution Characteristics of Slope Rill Based on Two-phase Flow Modeling

作　　者：黄文斌 徐湘田[1,2] 王永涛 刘宇航 刘勇 HUANG Wen-bin;XU Xiang-tian;WANG Yong-tao;LIU Yu-hang;LIU Yong(Institute of Transportation,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010020,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010020,China;Water Conservancy Development Center in Ordos,Ordos 017200,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学交通学院,呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特010020 [3]鄂尔多斯市水利事业发展中心,鄂尔多斯017200

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2025年第8期3152-3160,共9页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：鄂尔多斯市科技合作重大专项(2021EEDSCXQDFZ013);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD0020)。

摘　　要：为准确计算边坡细沟侵蚀过程中任意时刻的水动力学参数,规避传统方法中运用平均流速计算水动力学参数造成的误差,基于边坡细沟发育过程的多变性、复杂性以及水-沙两相流特点,采用Euler-Euler两相流模型计算分析扩张侵蚀不同阶段边坡细沟的形态演化特征以及侵蚀机理。结果表明:Euler-Euler两相流模型能够准确描述扩张侵蚀中边坡细沟形态演化过程;基于扩张侵蚀不同阶段边坡细沟的形态演化特征,将边坡细沟扩张侵蚀分成沟壁轻微扩张侵蚀时期(初期)、扩张侵蚀严重且淘涮弧数量及面积显著增加时期(中期)、扩张侵蚀基本结束及细沟形态趋于稳定时期(末期);影响因素边坡坡度、水流初始流速、预设细沟宽度分别对Darcy-Weisbach阻力系数、雷诺数、水流实时流速影响显著;提出边坡细沟发育不同阶段侵蚀弧长、水力半径的最佳表征参数,利于通过表征参数的变化判定边坡细沟发育具体时期以及预测边坡细沟形态发育趋势。研究成果为土壤侵蚀的治理措施提出提供理论依据,对水土保持具有重要意义。In order to accurately calculate the hydrodynamic parameters of the slope rill at any point during the erosion process,and to avoid errors caused by using the average flow rate to calculate the hydrodynamic parameters in the traditional method.Based on the variability and complexity of the development process of slope rills,as well as the characteristics of water sand two-phase flow,the Euler-Euler two-phase flow model was used to calculate and analyze the morphological evolution characteristics and erosion mechanisms of slope rills at different stages of expansion erosion.The results show that the Euler-Euler two-phase flow model can accurately describe the morphology evolution process of slope rill in expanded erosion.Based on the morphology evolution characteristics of slope rill at different stages of expanded erosion,the expanded erosion of slope rill is divided into the period when the rill sidewall is slightly spreading and eroding(the early stage),the period when the expanded erosion become severe with a significant increase in the number and area of amalgamated arcs(the middle stage),and the period when the expanded erosion basically ceased and the rill morphology stabilized(the late stage).The influential factors of slope gradient,initial flow rate,and preset rill width on the Darcy-Weisbach resistance coefficient,Reynolds number,and real-time flow rate are significant.Optimal characterization parameters for different stages of slope rill development,such as erosion arc length and hydraulic radius,are proposed,aiding in determining the specific period of slope rill development and predicting the development trend of rill morphology through changes in these parameters.The research results provide a theoretical basis for soil erosion control measures and are of great significance for soil and water conservation.

关 键 词：边坡细沟 两相流模型 扩张侵蚀 形态演化 侵蚀机理 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]