递增负荷运动引起优秀跆拳道运动员疲劳和运动决策能力下降的肠道菌群机制研究  

Investigation of the mechanism of gut microbiota in inducing fatigue and decline in exercise decision-making ability of elite taekwondo athletes during Incremental load exercise

作　　者：朱玉萍 陈雪莲 汪红初[2] 汪毅 宋刚[1] Zhu Yuping;Chen Xuelian;Wang Hongchu;Wang Yi;Song Gang(School of Physical Education,Southwest University,Chongqing;School of Mathematical Sciences,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong;Sports Department of China Renmin University,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]西南大学体育学院,重庆 [2]华南师范大学数学科学学院,广东广州 [3]中国人民大学体育部,北京

出　　处：《运动科学与健康研究》2025年第1期7-21,共15页Research on Sports Science and Health

基　　金：重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYS22175)。

摘　　要：目的:探究急性递增负荷运动引发疲劳时,男性跆拳道运动员运动决策的变化特征,以及肠道菌群与运动决策的关联。方法:将26名男性跆拳道运动员随机分为运动性疲劳组(TE组)和常规训练组(nTE组),递增负荷跑步诱导疲劳实验被用于执行运动员的运动性疲劳测试,Borg自感疲劳评分量表以及心率带用于监测运动员的疲劳状态;跆拳道运动决策程序用于测试运动员的运动决策能力,采用高通量生物信息学技术分析肠道菌群的变化特征。结果:(1)运动性疲劳时跆拳道运动员的认知反应时和直觉反应时均显著延长,且认知准确率和直觉准确率均显著降低;(2)TE组的肠道菌群α多样性显著低于nTE组,TE组的大肠杆菌、脱硫弧菌属、颤螺菌属、阿克曼菌属和志贺菌属显著高于nTE组,TE组的罗斯氏菌属、毛螺菌属和乳杆菌属显著低于nTE组;LEfSe分析结果显示,TE组脱硫弧菌科、志贺菌属、链球菌属、巨单胞菌属显著增加,nTE组罗斯菌属、普拉梭菌科、乳杆菌属和韦荣菌科显著增加;(3)跆拳道运动员的运动决策能力下降与埃希志贺菌、单球菌属、罗姆布茨菌属、柯林斯氏菌属和另枝菌属呈显著负相关,与梭状杆菌属和粪球菌属呈显著正相关。此外,运动性疲劳后,肠道菌群功能主要涉及氨基酸代谢和核苷酸代谢等通路,且TE组的甲基戊二酸合成、长链球菌合成和甲醛氧化通路Ⅰ显著高于nTE组;TE组的氨基酸代谢和L-苯丙氨酸合成通路显著低于nTE组。结论:急性递增负荷运动引起跆拳道运动员疲劳和运动决策能力下降;肠道菌群组学分析提示,肠道菌群及其相关代谢通路参与调控运动员疲劳和运动决策能力下降。Purpose:This study aimed to explore the alterations in exercise decision-making attributes among Taekwondo athletes during acute incremental load exercise-induced fatigue and their correlation with gut microbiota.Methods:Twenty-six male Taekwondo athletes were randomly assigned to an exercise-induced fatigue group(TE group)and a control group(n-TE group).Incremental load running-induced fatigue experiments were conducted to administer fatigue tests on the athletes,with Borg’s rating of perceived exertion scale and heart rate monitor used for fatigue status monitoring.Taekwondo exercise decision-making protocols were employed to assess athletes’exercise decision-making capabilities.High-throughput bioinformatics techniques were utilized to analyze gut microbiota alterations.Results:(1)During exercise-induced fatigue,Taekwondo athletes exhibited significantly prolonged reaction times for cognition and intuition,coupled with a significant decline in the accuracy of cognition and intuition;(2)Alpha diversity of gut microbiota in the TE group was markedly lower than that in the n-TE group.Escherichia,Desulfovibrio,Oscillospira,Akkermansia,and Shigella were significantly higher in the TE group than in the n-TE group,while Roseburia,Lachnoclostridium,and Lactobacillus were significantly lower in the TE group than in the n-TE group.The results of LEfSe analysis showed that the f_Desulfovibrionacea,g_Shigella,g_Streptococcus,and g_Megamonas were significantly higher in the TE group than in the n-TE group,while g_Roseburia,f_Faecalibacterium,g_Lactobacillus,and f_Veillonellaceae were significantly lower in the TE group than in the n-TE group;(3)The decline in exercise decision-making ability among Taekwondo athletes was significantly negatively associated with Escherichia-Shigella,Monoglobus,Romboutsia,Collinsella,and Alistipes,while showing a significant positive correlation with Fusicatenibacter and Coprococcus.Following exercise-induced fatigue,gut microbiota functional pathways predominantly involved amino aci

关 键 词：递增负荷运动 运动性疲劳 跆拳道运动员 运动决策 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]