半蹲式跳伞膝关节护具对足踝部动态生物力学的影响  

Effect of knee braces on dynamic biomechanics of ankle and foot during half-squat parachute landing

作　　者：郑超 伍骥 杜俊杰 陈渲宇 王隆风 常祺 王丽珍[5] 刘俊朋 Zheng Chao;Wu Ji;Du junjie;Chen Xuanyu;Wang Longfeng;Chang Qi;Wang Lizhen;Liu Junpeng(The Department of Orthopedics,Air Force Medical Center.PLA,Beijing;Affiliated Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical Vniversitg,Beijing;The First People’s Hospital of Xiaoshan,Hangzhou,Zhejiang;No 989 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force,Luoyang,Henan;Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]解放军空军特色医学中心骨科,北京 [2]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院,北京 [3]杭州市萧山区第一人民医院,浙江杭州 [4]解放军联勤保障部队第989医院,河南洛阳 [5]北京航空航天大学,北京

出　　处：《运动科学与健康研究》2025年第1期22-29,共8页Research on Sports Science and Health

基　　金：军事医学创新工程专项(18CXZ018)。

摘　　要：目的:在佩戴护膝情况下测试足踝部的动态力学参数,分析半蹲式跳伞着陆过程中不同护膝对足踝部的影响。方法:2016年7~9月,选取20名超过1年伞龄的青年男性跳伞运动员。纳入标准:男性,年龄小于30岁,伞龄大于1年,跳伞次数大于6次,3个月内无影响功能的膝、踝、足部外伤。排除标准:因各种原因未能履行每年的常规跳伞训练,3个月内因其他部位外伤或者疾病仍在恢复治疗期。平均年龄(22.40±3.38岁),平均身高(179.46±5.17cm),平均体重(70.97±7.85kg),平均伞龄(1.50±0.83年)。在无护膝、绷带护膝和半钢护膝三种防护条件下,模拟半蹲式着陆姿势,分别从40cm和80cm两种高度的平台跳下,平稳落在测力台有效区域内。利用Vicon动态捕捉系统记录着陆过程中足底最大垂直地面反作用力(MvGRF)、足底受力时间(AT)、足底缓冲时间(BT)、踝关节最大屈曲角位移(AJDD)、踝关节背伸最大角速度(MDAC)、踝关节最大背伸角(MAJDA)的变化并进行分析。结果:随着高度增加,三种防护状态的垂直方向地面反作用力增大。无护膝和半钢护膝的足底受力时间减少。绷带护膝的足底缓冲时间延长。半钢护膝的踝关节最大背伸角位移增大。无护膝和半钢护膝的踝关节最大背伸角速度增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在40cm高度,无护膝、绷带护膝和半钢护膝的垂直方向地面反作用力依次降低。半钢护膝的足底受力时间较无护膝和绷带护膝延长。半钢护膝和绷带护膝的踝关节最大背伸角速度较无护膝增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在80cm高度,无护膝、绷带护膝和半钢护膝的垂直方向地面反作用力依次减小,足底受力时间延长。绷带护膝和半钢护膝的足底缓冲时间较无护膝减小。绷带护膝和半钢护膝的踝关节最大背伸角位移较无护膝增大,差异具有统计学意义异(P<0.05)。结论:同一高度条件下,绷带护膝�Objective:The purpose of this study was to measure biomechanics of ankle and foot with knee braces during half-squat parachute landing.Evaluate effect of knee braces on dynamic biomechanics of ankle and foot.Methods:A tolal of 20 male paratroopers with formal parachute training and more than one year of parachute jumping experience.Inclusion criteria:Male,under 30 years old,parachute experience over one year,parachuting more than 6 times,and no knee,ankle and foot injuries that affect function within 3 months.Exclusion criteria:Failure to fulfill the annual routine skydiving training,other injuries or diseases of limbs and trunk in the process of treatment and rehabilitation in three months.Average years(22.79±3.73yrs),Average height(179.46±5.17 cm),Aaverage weight(70.97±7.85kg),Average parachute experience(1.50±0.83yrs).Each subject jumped from two heights(40 and 80 cm)and landed on force plates in a half-squat posture.with three different knee protective conditions(no-brace,elastic brace,and semi-rigid brace).The Vicon 3D motion capture system and force plate were used to record and analysis kinematic and kinetic data,which consisted of maximum vertical ground-reaction force(M VGRF),loading time(LT),buffer time(BT),maximum ankle joint dorsiflexion displacement(MAJDD),maximum dorsiflexion angle velocity(MDAV),maximum ankle joint dorsiflexion angle(MAJDA).Results:With the height increases,there were an increase in maximum vertical ground reaction forces.The loading time of no-brace and elastic brace is reduced.The cushion time of elastic brace is prolonged.The maximum ankle joint dorsiflexion displacement of semi-rigid brace increases.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At a height of 40cm,the vertical ground reaction forces of no-brace and elastic brace and semi-rigid brace decrease sequentially.The loading time of semi-rigid brace is longer than that of no-brace and elastic brace.The maximum dorsiflexion angle velocity of elastic brace and semi-rigid brace increased compared to no-bra

关 键 词：跳伞 损伤 护膝 足踝 

分 类 号：R873.1[医药卫生—运动医学]