裂缝性低渗透油藏凝胶调剖技术工程实践  

Application practice of gel profile control technology in fractured low-permeability oil reservoirs

作　　者：张磊[1] 郑力军[2] 郑自刚[3] 唐思睿 田保华 王维波 何延龙[7] 余维初 ZHANG Lei;ZHENG Lijun;ZHENG Zigang;TANG Sirui;TIAN Baohua;WANG Weibo;HE Yanlong;YU Weichu(School of Earth Resources,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Research Institute of Oil and Gas Technology of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Branch,Xi’an 710018,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Branch,Xi’an 710018,China;Oilfield Development Division of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Branch,Xi’an 710018,China;Pipeline Company of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shaanxi Yan’an 716000,China;Research Institute of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710065,China;College of Petroleum Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,China;Jingzhou Modern Petroleum Science&Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hubei Jingzhou 434000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院,武汉430074 [2]中国石油长庆油田分公司油气工艺研究院,西安710018 [3]中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院,西安710018 [4]中国石油长庆油田分公司油田开发事业部,西安710018 [5]陕西延长石油(集团)管道运输公司,陕西延安716000 [6]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院,西安710065 [7]西安石油大学石油工程学院,西安710065 [8]荆州市现代石油科技发展有限公司,湖北荆州434000

出　　处：《非常规油气》2025年第2期64-72,共9页Unconventional Oil & Gas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于微观流变力学原理的单个凝胶微球长期变形与运移机制研究”(52204054);陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目“非常规油藏低碳环保提高采收率技术创新团队”(2023-CX-TD-31)。

摘　　要：持续发展适合裂缝性低渗透油藏的调剖技术,可以有效支撑该类油藏的高效注水开发。以鄂尔多斯盆地具有代表性的裂缝性低渗透油藏为研究对象,总结分析了多年来利用凝胶控制稠油的施工案例,为进一步提高凝胶控制技术的应用效果提供指导。研究结果表明,水窜程度可以通过注水剖面测试、注水井压降曲线测试、油水井连通性测试以及试注调剖剂等多种方法验证,并在水窜认识基础上制定凝胶调剖参数。在常用的凝胶材料中,分散的凝胶颗粒可以充填大尺度裂缝,并与聚合物凝胶配合使用,实现对大尺度裂缝的封堵;聚合物凝胶具有连续的整体填充特性,能够顺利进入中等尺度裂缝,实现对中等尺度裂缝的封堵;分散的凝胶微球可以进入微小尺度裂缝,封堵部分水窜通道,并保留部分裂缝通道作为产液通道。基于强水窜通道井组、中度水窜通道井组和弱水窜通道井组的特征,分别通过不同类型的凝胶材料的组合实现对主要裂缝水窜通道的封堵,保留部分微小尺度裂缝水窜通道,实现堵而不死。该实践总结可以为国内外同类型的裂缝性低渗透油田增油降水提供参考。Continuously developing the profile control technology suitable for fractured low-permeability oil reservoirs can effectively support the efficient water flooding development of such reservoirs.Taking the representative fractured low-permeability oil reservoirs in Ordos Basin as the object,this paper summarizes and analyzes the cases of gel profile control construction over the years to provide guidance for further improving the application effect of the gel profile control technology.The research results suggest that the water channeling degree can be identified by various methods,such as water injection profile testing,injection well pressure drop curve testing,connectivity testing between oil and water wells,and trial injection testing of profile control agent,and gel profile control parameters were developed based on the understanding of water channeling.Among the common gel materials,the dispersed gel particles can fill the large-scale fractures,which can be used together with polymer gel to plug the large-scale fractures.The polymer gel can enter and plug the medium-scale fractures smoothly based on its continuous overall filling.The dispersed gel microsphere can enter the micro-scale fractures to plug the parts of the water channeling channels and retain the part of the fractured channels as the fluid production channel.Based on the water channeling characteristics of the well groups with strong,moderate and weak water channeling channels,the combination of the different types of gel materials could be used to plug the main fractured water channeling channels,and some micro-scale fractured channels are retained to realize “plugging without death”.The practical summary of this paper can provide a reference for increasing oil production and reducing water cut in similar fractured low-permeability oil fields in China and abroad.

关 键 词：裂缝性低渗透油藏 调剖 凝胶 水窜程度 工艺参数与应用方法 

分 类 号：TE359[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]