海洋环境下不同卫星系统组合的精密单点定位性能分析  

Analysis of precise point positioning performance of different satellite system combinations in marine environment

作　　者：杨华 YANG Hua(The Second Geological Group of Jiangxi Provincial Geological Bureau,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省地质局第二地质大队,江西九江332000

出　　处：《北京测绘》2025年第2期195-203,共9页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

摘　　要：本研究旨在评估全球定位系统[GPS(系统代码为G)]、全球导航卫星系统[GLONASS(系统代码为R)]、伽利略卫星导航系统[Galileo(系统代码为E)]、北斗卫星导航系统[BDS(系统代码为C)]及其组合在海洋环境中的精密单点定位性能。利用2022年其中5天的GNSS浮标观测数据,通过精密单点定位方法对GPS、GLONASS、Galileo、BDS,以及不同系统组合的数据进行解算,对比分析各系统及其组合的定位精度和收敛时间,结果表明:实验期间的不同卫星系统组合中,平均可用卫星数量由少到多分别为G<R<E<GR<GE<C<GC<GCRE;不同卫星系统组合下,定位精度从差到优分别为G<R<E<GR<GE<C<GC<GCRE,其结果与可用卫星数量有着高度相关性;不同系统组合的收敛速度由慢到快分别为R<E<G<GR<GE<C<GC<GCRE,通过多系统组合可以明显提高收敛速度,结合不同系统组合的可用卫星数量发现,收敛速度与可用卫星数量有着很大的关系。多系统组合通过增加可用卫星数量和优化几何分布,显著提升了定位精度和收敛速度,为海洋测量和动态定位应用提供了可靠的技术支持。This paper aimed to evaluate the precise point positioning(PPP)performance of the global positioning system(GPS,with system code of G),global navigation satellite system(GLONASS,with system code of R),Galileo satellite navigation system(Galileo,with system code of E),BeiDou navigation satellite system(BDS,with system code of C),and their combinations in marine environments.By utilizing five-day global navigation satellite system(GNSS)buoy observation data from 2022,the PPP method was employed to process the data from GPS,GLONASS,Galileo,BDS,and various system combinations.A comparative analysis of the positioning accuracy and convergence time of each system and their combinations was conducted.The results indicate that during the experimental period,the average number of available satellites for each system combination in ascending order is as follows:G<R<E<GR<GE<C<GC<GCRE.The positioning accuracy in ascending order is G<R<E<GR<GE<C<GC<GCRE,showing a high correlation with the number of available satellites.The convergence speed of different system combinations in ascending order is R<E<G<GR<GE<C<GC<GCRE.Multi-system combinations significantly improve convergence speed.By combining the number of available satellites in different system combinations,it is found that the convergence speed has a strong relationship with the number of available satellites.By increasing the number of available satellites and optimizing their geometric distribution,multi-system combinations significantly enhance positioning accuracy and convergence speed,providing reliable technical support for marine surveying and dynamic positioning applications.

关 键 词：全球导航卫星系统 定位精度 收敛速度 卫星数量 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]