海陆环境下GNSS动态定位性能及影响因素分析  

Analysis of GNSS dynamic positioning performance and influencing factors in marine and terrestrial environments

作　　者：董智美 DONG Zhimei(Lufeng Zhenfeng Developmentand Construction Corporation Limited,Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan 675000,China)

机构地区：[1]禄丰市振丰开发建设有限公司,云南楚雄彝族自治州675000

出　　处：《北京测绘》2025年第2期204-209,共6页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

摘　　要：为了对比海陆环境全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)的定位性能及精密单点定位(PPP)和后处理动态相对定位(PPK)两种GNSS算法的数据处理精度,本研究对2023年4月14日2∶00至2023年4月18日3∶00的GNSS浮标、GNSS静态站及验潮仪数据进行了处理和分析。结果显示,陆地GNSS观测在多路径误差和信噪比上明显优于海洋浮标,陆地测站L1和L2观测量的多路径误差和信噪比均高于浮标。陆地固定站的数据质量高于海洋浮标,周跳观测值个数显示固定站的数据稳定性更强。在动态坐标时间序列解算精度方面,陆地环境下PPK算法较PPP算法略有优势,尤其在垂直方向;海洋环境下PPK算法则明显优于PPP算法,这归因于PPK在消除噪声和误差方面的有效性。本研究揭示了海洋环境中GNSS的定位性能和观测数据质量相对较低的现状,为海洋与陆地环境下GNSS技术的应用提供了指导。To compare the positioning performance of the global navigation satellite system(GNSS)in marine and terrestrial environments and the data processing accuracy of two GNSS algorithms,namely precise point positioning(PPP)and postprocessing kinematic(PPK),this paper processed and analyzed GNSS buoy,static GNSS station,and tide gauge data from April 14,2023 at 2:00 to April 18,2023 at 3:00.The results indicate that terrestrial GNSS observations are significantly superior to marine buoys in terms of multipath errors and signal-to-noise ratio,with higher values observed in the L1 and L2 measurements of terrestrial stations than those of the buoys.The data quality of terrestrial fixed stations surpasses that of marine buoys,and the number of cycle slip observations demonstrates greater stability in fixed station data.In terms of the accuracy of dynamic coordinate time series solutions,the PPK algorithm shows a slight advantage over the PPP algorithm in terrestrial environments,particularly in the vertical direction.In marine environments,the PPK algorithm is markedly superior to the PPP algorithm due to its effectiveness in eliminating noise and errors.This paper reveals the relatively lower GNSS positioning performance and observation data quality in marine environments and provides guidance for the application of GNSS technology in both marine and terrestrial environments.

关 键 词：陆地环境 海洋环境 定位精度 精密单点定位 后处理动态相对定位 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]