多种阴离子共存对接地金属在吉林地区土壤中腐蚀行为的影响  

Effects of multiple anion coexistence on corrosion behavior of grounding metals in soil of Jilin region

作　　者：高健桐 张喻贤 张铁涛 李可可 关潇卓 王铁铮 张兰河[2] GAO Jiantong;ZHANG Yuxian;ZHANG Tietao;LI Keke;GUAN Xiaozhuo;WANG Tiezheng;ZHANG Lanhe(Jilin Power Supply Company,State Grid Jilin Electric Power Limited Company,Jilin 132011,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Northeast Electric Power University,Jilin 132012,China)

机构地区：[1]国网吉林省电力有限公司吉林供电公司,吉林吉林132011 [2]东北电力大学化学工程学院,吉林吉林132012

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2025年第3期16-23,共8页Electroplating & Finishing

基　　金：国网吉林省电力有限公司科技项目(2024-10);吉林省发改委产业技术研究与开发项目(2020C028-5)。

摘　　要：[目的]土壤中往往存在多种阴离子,探究土壤中多种阴离子共存对不同金属腐蚀的影响具有重要的意义。[方法]通过浸泡腐蚀试验、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和极化曲线测试,结合腐蚀产物形貌和元素组成分析,研究不同浓度比Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)和HCO_(3)^(-)共存对Q235碳钢和304不锈钢在吉林地区土壤中腐蚀行为的影响。[结果]Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)和HCO_(3)^(-)对Q235碳钢和304不锈钢的土壤腐蚀存在协同作用。两种接地钢的腐蚀速率均随时间延长呈总体减小的趋势,Q235钢以均匀腐蚀为主,304不锈钢则以点蚀为主。在相同Cl^(-)/SO_(4)^(2-)/HCO_(3)^(-)浓度比下,304不锈钢的腐蚀速率HCO_(3)^(-)和腐蚀程度远低于Q235钢。Cl^(-)因其半径小及穿透力强而优先破坏钝化膜,引发点蚀。低浓度HCO_(3)^(-)会促进阳极溶解,高浓度HCO_(3)^(-)能够使Q235碳钢形成保护层,但会加剧304不锈钢的酸性环境腐蚀。[结论]Q235碳钢适用于HCO_(3)^(-)含量较高的土壤环境,304不锈钢需避免高Cl^(-)与HCO_(3)^(-)协同作用区域,该结论可为输电杆塔接地装置的材料选型及区域性腐蚀防护策略制定提供理论支撑。[Objective]Multiple anions are often present in soils,so it is important to study the effect of coexistence of multiple anions in soils on the corrosion of different metals.[Method]The effects of different concentration ratios of Cl^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),and HCO_(3)^(-)on the corrosion behaviors of Q235 carbon steel and 304 stainless steel in Jilin region soil were studied by immersion corrosion test,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),and polarization curve measurement,combined with morphological and elemental composition analysis of corrosion products.[Result]Cl^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),and HCO_(3)^(-)exhibit synergistic effects on the soil corrosion of both Q235 carbon steel and 304 stainless steel.The corrosion rates of both grounding steels showed an overall decreasing trend over time.Q235 steel primarily experienced uniform corrosion,while 304 stainless steel mainly suffered from pitting corrosion.The corrosion rate and degree of 304 stainless steel were significantly lower than those of Q235 steel at the same concentration ratios of Cl^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),and HCO_(3)^(-).Cl−preferentially disrupted the passivation film and triggered pitting corrosion due to its small radius and strong penetration ability.Low concentrations of HCO_(3)^(-)promoted anodic dissolution,while high concentrations of HCO_(3)^(-)could form a protective layer for Q235 carbon steel but exacerbated acidic environment corrosion for 304 stainless steel.[Conclusion]Q235 carbon steel is suitable for soil environments with higher HCO_(3)^(-)concentration,while 304 stainless steel should be avoided in areas with high Cl^(−)and HCO_(3)^(-)synergistic effects.These findings provide a theoretical foundation for material selection and regional corrosion protection strategies for transmission tower grounding devices.

关 键 词：接地金属 土壤腐蚀 阴离子 浸泡腐蚀 电化学分析 

分 类 号：TG172.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]