汽车紧固件常见锈蚀案例及解决方案  

Common corrosion cases of automotive fasteners and solutions

作　　者：李银花 黎敏[2] 周林 LI Yinhua;LI Min;ZHOU Lin(Commercial Vehicle Technical Center of SAIC Motor,Shanghai 200438,China;Shougang Research Institute of Technology,Beijing 100041,China)

机构地区：[1]上海汽车集团股份有限公司商用车技术中心,上海200438 [2]首钢技术研究院,北京100041

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2025年第3期89-94,共6页Electroplating & Finishing

摘　　要：[目的]作为整车使用量最大、分布最广的零件,螺纹紧固件的锈蚀问题经常被投诉,其耐蚀性愈发受到主机厂的重视。[方法]介绍了汽车紧固件在设计开发阶段常见的锈蚀案例。根据中性盐雾试验及整车防腐耐久路试验证结果,分析了不同紧固件的锈蚀原因,并提出相应的解决方法。[结果]螺栓梅花槽内锈蚀、螺栓垫片边缘点锈等情况主要是由紧固件表面处理工艺导致的,减震器安装螺栓的锈蚀问题出在装配工艺,螺栓电偶腐蚀则缘于设计阶段紧固件选用不当。[结论]各锈蚀案例的解决措施可为汽车生产中遇到类似问题时提供参考。[Objective]As the most commonly used and widely distributed parts in vehicles,threaded fasteners frequently encounter corrosion-related complaints,making their corrosion resistance increasingly crucial for OEMs.[Method]Some common corrosion cases of fasteners during the design and development stages of automobiles were presented.Through neutral salt spray(NSS)test and full vehicle durability road simulation test verification,the corrosion causes of different fasteners were analyzed,with corresponding solutions proposed.[Result]The rusting in hexalobular socket and pitting at the edge of bolt gasket were mainly caused by the surface treatment processes of the fasteners.The corrosion of the shock absorber installation bolt originated from the assembly process,while the galvanic corrosion of bolts resulted from improper selection of fasteners during the design phase.[Conclusion]The resolution strategies for these corrosion cases provide valuable references for addressing similar challengers in automotive manufacturing.

关 键 词：汽车 紧固件 锈蚀 表面处理 装配 故障处理 

分 类 号：TG172.3[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]