超高强钢表面电沉积锌-镍合金工艺及镀层性能  

Electrodeposition and properties of zinc-nickel alloy coating on surface of ultra-high-strength steel

作　　者：李文 魏琪 南阳 鞠玉琳 李少杰 张笑尘 LI Wen;WEI Qi;NAN Yang;JU Yulin;LI Shaojie;ZHANG Xiaochen(Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Surface Engineering/Science and Technology on Power Beam Process Laboratory,AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute,Beijing 100024,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空制造技术研究院先进表面工程技术航空科技重点实验室/高能束流加工技术国家级重点实验室,北京100024 [2]江苏大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2025年第3期112-121,共10页Electroplating & Finishing

基　　金：高能束流加工技术全国重点实验室基金(KZ112304)。

摘　　要：[目的]电镀Zn–Ni合金是一种可靠的代镉电镀技术,但其镀液成分复杂、维护困难,限制了其应用。因此,开发一种成分简单、工艺窗口宽的Zn–Ni合金镀液具有重要意义。[方法]以超高强钢300M为基体电镀Zn–Ni合金,先研究了镀液中NaOH和二乙烯三胺环氧衍生物(DEEO)含量对镀层Ni含量的影响,然后研究了电流密度和电镀时间对镀层微观结构和耐蚀性的影响。[结果]当镀液中锌离子与镍离子质量浓度比为5:1,Na OH、DEEO的质量浓度分别为120 g/L和40 g/L时,可以在2~4 A/dm^(2)的电流密度范围内获得均匀致密且为单一γ相的Zn–Ni合金镀层,其中Ni的质量分数稳定在13%~16%范围内。当电流密度为3~4 A/dm^(2),电镀时间在30 min以内时,阴极电流效率稳定在80%以上,镀层耐蚀性良好。[结论]本工艺的镀液成分简单、易于维护,能够在较宽的电流密度范围内电镀得到耐蚀性优良的Zn–Ni合金镀层,具有很好的应用前景。[Objective]Electroplating of Zn-Ni alloy is a reliable alternative to cadmium plating technology.However,the complex composition and difficult maintenance of the plating bath limit its application.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop a Zn-Ni alloy plating bath with simple components and a wide process window.[Method]Zn-Ni alloy was electroplated on ultra-high-strength steel 300M.The effects of mass concentration of NaOH and diethylenetriamine epoxy derivative(DEEO)in bath on the Ni content of coating were firstly studied.And then the effects of current density and plating time on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of coating were studied.[Result]Uniform and compact Zn-Ni alloy coatings with a singleγ-phase structure could be successfully electroplated in the bath comprising of zinc ions and nickel ions with a mass concentration ratio of 5:1,NaOH 120 g/L,and DEEO 40 g/L at current density of 2-4 A/dm^(2).Notably,the nickel mass fraction in these coatings remained consistently within 13%-16%.The cathode current efficiency remained stable above 80%when electroplating at current density of 3-4 A/dm^(2) within 30 minutes.The coatings obtained thereunder exhibited excellent corrosion resistance.[Conclusion]The plating bath in this process is simple in composition and easy to maintain,and it can be used to electroplate Zn-Ni alloy coatings with excellent corrosion resistance over a wide range of current densities,showing a good application prospect.

关 键 词：超高强钢 碱性电镀锌-镍合金 氢氧化钠 二乙烯三胺环氧衍生物 电流密度 耐蚀性 

分 类 号：TQ153.2[化学工程—电化学工业]