云南芸香草种质资源的表型多样性分析和评价  

Analysis and evaluation of phenotypic diversity of Cymbopogon distans germplasm resources in Yunnan

作　　者：庞静 常恩福 周云 李品荣 师春娟 王藜颖 普文富 丁玉雄 张梅 PANG Jing;CHANG En-fu;ZHOU Yun;LI Ping-rong;SHI Chun-juan;WANG Li-ying;PU Wen-fu;DING Yu-xiong;ZHANG Mei(Yunnan orestry Technological College,Kunming 650225,China;Yunnan Academy of orestry and Grassland,Kunming 650201,China;Jianshui Technology Extension Station of orestry and Grassland,Jianshui 654300,China;Gaoligong Mountain orest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province,Baoshan 678000,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Gaoligong Mountain,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南林业职业技术学院,云南昆明650224 [2]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201 [3]建水县林业和草原科技推广站,云南建水654300 [4]高黎贡山森林生态系统云南省野外科学观测研究站,云南保山678000 [5]云南省高黎贡山生物多样性重点实验室,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2025年第1期1-7,共7页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：2025年中央财政林草科技推广示范项目(4种禾本科优良草种繁育及应用示范);2021年度省级低碳发展引导专项资金(云南退化草地生态系统对气候变化的响应研究);云南省教育厅科技创新团队建设计划项目(生态修复草种资源开发应用);云南省科技人才与平台计划项目(202205AG070006);云南省林和草原局科技创新补助项目(2023KJCX010)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究云南不同种源芸香草的表型多样性特征,筛选优良种源。【方法】收集云南省7个州(市)的26份芸香草野生种质资源,在云南省永仁国有林场小尖山试验基地开展种质资源评价,在植株成熟期进行株高、叶长、分蘖数等表型鉴定,采用主成分分析法将云南芸香草种质资源的表型数据中的重要特征予以保留并筛选优良种质资源。【结果】在相同栽培条件下,26份不同种源的野生芸香草的10项表型遗传性状变异系数介于9.26%~27.99%,存在较大差异。构建芸香草种质资源质量综合评价模型:F=0.441F_(1)+0.248F_(2)+0.161F_(3)+0.150F_(4),筛选出植株扩张能力、种子质量、长度和综合性能方面具有优势的优良芸香草种质6份。【结论】优良芸香草种质来源于云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州、楚雄彝族自治州、大理白族自治州和曲靖市等地区,说明芸香草优秀的遗传资源广泛分布于云南省,地理来源并不是造成芸香草种质资源遗传多样性的唯一因素。【Objective】The objective of this study is to study the phenotypic diversity characteristics of Cymbo⁃pogon distans from different provenances in Yunnan Province and to screen high⁃quality provenances.【Method】Twenty⁃six wild germplasm resources of C.distans were collected from 7 prefectures and cities in Yunnan Province,and the germplasm resources were evaluated at the Xiaojianshan Experimental Base of Yongren State-owned orest arm in Yunnan Province.The phenotypic identification of plant height,leaf length and tiller number was carried out at the plant maturity stage,and the important characteristics in the phenotypic data of C.distans germplasm resources in Yunnan Province were retained by principal component analysis and excellent germplasm resources were screened.【Result】The results showed that under the same cultivation conditions,the variationcoefficient of 10 phenotypic ge⁃netic traits of 26 wild C.distans germplasm ranged between 9.26%and 27.99%,and there were great differences.A comprehensive evaluation model for the quality of C.distans germplasm resources was constructed:F=0.441F_(1)+0.248F_(2)+0.161F_(3)+0.150F_(4).Six excellent kidney C.distans with advantages in plant expansion ability,seed qual⁃ity,length and comprehensive performance were selected.【Conclusion】The excellent C.distans germplasm comes from Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture,Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture,Dali Bai Autonomous Pre⁃fecture and Qujing City of Yunnan Province,indicating that the excellent genetic resources are widely distributed in Yunnan Province,and the geographical source is not the only factor causing the phenotypic diversity of the C.distans germplasm resources.This study provides basic data for the investigation and collection of germplasm resources,and supplies reference for the breeding and development of new varieties,popularization and application,and industrializa⁃tion development.

关 键 词：芸香草 种质资源 主成分分析 评价 

分 类 号：S573[农业科学—作物学]