甘蓝型油菜角果长度和每角粒数基因定位以及角果皮转录组动态分析  

Mapping of silique length and seeds per silique and transcriptome profiling of pod walls in Brassica napus L.

作　　者：王晓琳 刘忠松[1] 康雷 杨柳[1] WANG Xiao-Lin;LIU Zhong-Song;KANG Lei;YANG Liu(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物学报》2025年第4期888-899,共12页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1200400)资助。

摘　　要：甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)是全球重要的油料作物,提高其产量是育种的重要目标。单位面积角果数、每角粒数和粒重是油菜产量的3个构成因子。角果长度虽然不是油菜产量的直接构成因素,但影响每角粒数和粒重,进而影响油菜产量。本研究以角果长度和每角粒数差异显著的亲本YA和中双11号(ZS11)及用其构建的包含211个株系的重组自交系(RIL)群体为材料,在长沙秋播和民乐夏播,考察角果长度和每角粒数,通过群体及双亲重测序对上述2个性状进行QTL定位,结果在2个环境下均检测到1个角果长度和每角粒数的主效QTL,其位于A09染色体。双亲开花后3~21d,角果皮转录组测序分析发现角果皮光合作用、激素和次生代谢物合成的基因在角果发育中发挥了重要作用,功能注释认为BnaA09.CYP78A9、BnaC08.SCL13和BnaA04.ARL等参与生长素响应和传导的基因为调控油菜角果长度的候选基因。这些结果为进一步开展油菜角果长度基因精细定位及其调控机制研究奠定了基础。Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)is a major oilseed crop globally,and improving yield remains a primary objective in rapeseed breeding programs.Yield in rapeseed is determined by three main components:siliques per unit area,seeds per silique,and seed weight.Although silique length is not a direct yield component,it influences both seeds per silique and seed weight,and thus indirectly affects yield.In this study,two parental lines with contrasting silique lengths and seeds per silique,YA and Zhongshuang 11,along with their 211 recombinant inbred lines(RILs),were used as experimental materials.The RIL population was genotyped through genome resequencing and grown in two environments:autumn in Changsha and summer in Mingle.Silique length and seeds per silique were measured,and quantitative trait loci(QTL)analysis was conducted.The results identified a major QTL for both silique length and seeds per silique on chromosome A09 in both environments.Comparative RNA-seq analysis of pod walls from the two parents,conducted 3-21 days after flowering,indicated that genes involved in photosynthesis,plant hormone signaling transduction,and secondary metabolite biosynthesis play critical roles in pod wall development.Among the differentially expressed genes,BnaA09.CYP78A9,BnaC08.SCL13,and BnaA04.ARL,which are associated with auxin response and signaling transduction,were identified as candidate genes regulating silique length.These findings provide a foundation for fine mapping and exploring the regulatory mechanisms of genes controlling silique length in rapeseed,which could contribute to yield improvement in breeding programs.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 角果长度 每角粒数 数量性状位点 转录组分析 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]