Ⅰ型MADS-box基因SlMADS79调控番茄株型的功能研究  

Functional study on the regulation of plant architecture by tomato type Ⅰ MADS-box gene SlMADS79

作　　者：郭绪虎 李灵芝[2] 李凤 马博岩 贾晓宇 GUO Xu-Hu;LI Ling-Zhi;LI Feng;MA Bo-Yan;JIA Xiao-Yu(School of Agronomy and Life Sciences,Shanxi Datong University,Datong 037009,Shanxi,China;College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大同大学农学与生命科学学院,山西大同037009 [2]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西晋中030801

出　　处：《作物学报》2025年第4期982-991,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划项目(202303021211181);大同市应用基础研究计划项目(2024067);山西大同大学基础研究项目(2022Q3)资助。

摘　　要：MADS-box基因在植物生长发育全过程中具有重要调控功能。目前,关于番茄Ⅱ型MADS-box基因的功能研究较多,而Ⅰ型MADS-box基因却鲜有报道。本研究克隆了Ⅰ型MADS-box基因SlMADS79,该基因在番茄根、叶和侧芽中表达水平相对较高,推测其可能参与番茄营养器官生长调控。本研究以经典番茄栽培品种Ailsa Craig(AC^(++))为背景材料,采用RNA干扰技术沉默SlMADS79基因。与野生型相比,SlMADS79基因沉默株系顶端优势度降低、植株矮小;叶片的长度、宽度、周长以及面积均小于野生型植株;根系总长度、总表面积、总投影面积、根系体积、分叉数、根尖数均显著减少。解剖学研究表明,沉默植株茎秆的纵切面细胞较小,然而其平均数量明显增加。在激素水平上,SlMADS79沉默株系中IAA(吲哚-3-乙酸)、TZR(转玉米素核糖苷)以及CS(栗木甾酮)含量降低。在分子水平上,生长素应答基因IAA3和赤霉素合成基因GA3ox1在SlMADS79沉默株系中显著下调,而细胞周期基因CyCA3;1在沉默株系中显著上调。本研究从形态、解剖、激素和分子水平上进一步解析了SlMADS79基因的生物学功能,丰富了番茄Ⅰ型MADS-box基因家族的研究,为番茄株型调控研究提供了可靠的理论依据。MADS-box genes play a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development.While the functions of type Ⅱ MADS-box genes have been extensively studied,there are relatively few reports on type Ⅰ MADS-box genes in tomato.In this study,we cloned the type Ⅰ MADS-box gene SlMADS79,which was found to be highly expressed in tomato roots,leaves,and lateral buds,suggesting its involvement in the regulation of vegetative organ growth.Using the classical tomato cultivar Ailsa Craig(AC^(++))as background material,we silenced the SlMADS79 gene through RNA interference(RNAi).Compared to the wild type,SlMADS79-silenced lines exhibited reduced apical dominance and decreased plant height.The length,width,perimeter,and area of the leaves were smaller than those of wild-type plants.Additionally,root traits—including total length,total surface area,total projected area,volume,number of forks,and number of tips—were significantly reduced.Anatomical studies revealed that while the cells in the longitudinal sections of SlMADS79-silenced stems were smaller,their average number significantly increased.At the hormonal level,the contents of IAA(indole-3-acetic acid),TZR(trans-zeatin riboside),and CS(castasterone)were decreased in the SlMADS79-silenced lines.At the molecular level,the auxin response gene IAA3 and gibberellin synthesis gene GA3ox1 were significantly downregulated in the SlMADS79-silenced lines,while the cell cycle gene CyCA3;1 was significantly upregulated.This study further analyzes the biological function of the SlMADS79 gene at morphological,anatomical,hormonal,and molecular levels,expands our understanding of the type Ⅰ MADS-box gene family in tomato,and provides a solid theoretical foundation for further research on plant architecture regulation in tomato.

关 键 词：番茄 MADS-BOX SlMADS79 株高 叶片形态 根系 

分 类 号：S64[农业科学—蔬菜学]