渗碳齿轮轴承钢扭转疲劳性能及快速评价研究  

Research on torsional fatigue properties and rapid evaluation of carburized gear bearing steel

作　　者：方彬 许自宽 杨卯生[3] 王斌[2] 张鹏[2] 张哲峰[2] FANG Bin;XU Zikuan;YANG Maosheng;WANG Bin;ZHANG Peng;ZHANG Zhefeng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,Liaoning,China;Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,Liaoning,China;Research Institute of Special Steel,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心,辽宁沈阳110016 [3]钢铁研究总院有限公司特殊钢研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《钢铁研究学报》2025年第2期209-216,共8页Journal of Iron and Steel Research

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(J2019-VI-0019-0134)。

摘　　要：齿轮和轴承是机械设备中的2种关键零件,常因疲劳而断裂失效,其疲劳强度是关键性能指标。通过对4种渗碳层深度BG801齿轮轴承钢的扭转疲劳行为进行研究,明确渗碳齿轮轴承钢的疲劳开裂机制,并在其基础上构建疲劳强度快速评价方法。结果表明:BG801齿轮轴承钢渗碳层组织主要为马氏体和大量呈长条状或椭球状的碳化物;其疲劳开裂由大尺寸碳化物团簇的解理开裂引起,裂纹萌生平面与加载轴向成45°,由正应力主导。据此提出一种快速评价渗碳齿轮轴承钢疲劳强度的方法,可以通过高应力短寿命样品来预测长寿命条件下的疲劳强度。对于本文的研究材料,预测误差在10%左右,且偏于保守。Gear and bearing are two kinds of key parts in mechanical equipment,which are often broken due to fatigue,and their fatigue strength is the key performance index.The torsional fatigue behavior of BG801 gear bearing steel with four kinds of carburized layer depths was studied in order to clarify the fatigue cracking mechanism of carburized gear bearing steel and establish a rapid fatigue strength evaluation method on the basis of it.The results show that the carburizing layer of BG801 gear bearing steel is mainly composed of martensite and a large number of long-strip or elliptic carbides.The fatigue cracking is caused by cleavage cracking of large size carbide clusters.The crack initiation plane is 45°from the loading axis and is dominated by normal stress.Based on this,a method for evaluating the fatigue strength of carburized gear bearing steel is proposed,which can predict the fatigue strength under long life conditions by high stress and short life samples.For the materials studied,the prediction error is about 10%,which is conservative.

关 键 词：齿轮轴承钢 渗碳 扭转疲劳性能 碳化物 疲劳强度预测 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]