不同施磷量对广西莪术苗期生长的影响  

The Effects of Different Phosphorus Application Rates on the Growthof Curcuma kwangsiensis S.K.Lee&C.F.Liang at Seedling Stage

作　　者：文红云 黄媛 张占江[2] 李锦程 庞丽华 张兴 詹鑫婕 闫志刚[2] WEN Hongyun;HUANG Yuan;ZHANG Zhanjiang;LI Jincheng;PANG Lihua;ZHANG Xing;ZHAN Xinjie;YAN Zhigang(Guangxi Medicinal University,Nanning 530023,China;Guangxi Medicinal Botanical Garden,Nanning 530023,China;Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou Guangxi 545006,China;Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530023,China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学,南宁530023 [2]广西药用植物园,南宁530023 [3]广西科技大学,广西柳州545006 [4]广西中医药大学赛恩斯新医药学院,南宁530023

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2025年第2期1-7,共7页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22096021);广西中医药管理局项目(GZKJ2314-5);广西特色药材关键技术研究推广项目(GZKJ2314-10);广西壮族自治区中医药管理局自筹课题“广西莪术根腐病及根际土壤微生物群落特征的研究”(GXZYA20230006)。

摘　　要：为探究不同施磷量对广西莪术生长和营养物质积累的影响,以一年生广西莪术苗为试验样品,设置5个施磷水平(P_(0):0 mg/kg;P_(1):100 mg/kg;P_(3):300 mg/kg;P_(6):600 mg/kg;P_(12):1200 mg/kg),采用根部施肥,施肥后1个月测定各处理下莪术苗的形态和生理生化指标。结果表明,广西莪术株高、茎粗、分蘖数等形态指标的数值在浓度为1200 mg/kg时,达到最大值。广西莪术各部分的生物量在浓度为600 mg/kg时达到最大值,随浓度升高各部分鲜重、干重均有所降低。叶片叶绿素含量在浓度为100 mg/kg时,达到最大值;当浓度升高时,叶绿素含量逐渐降低;抗氧化酶随着磷浓度增加而提高,在100~1200 mg/kg范围内,抗氧化性能与磷浓度呈正相关。施外源磷对广西莪术的生长有显著影响,不同浓度的外源磷对广西莪术形态指标和生理指标的影响也不同,施300~600 mg/kg浓度的外源磷显著促进广西莪术的生长发育,其生物量提高,各部分指标均良好,但当浓度达到1200 mg/kg时,莪术的可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白含量逐渐降低,抑制莪术的生长和物质积累。综上可知,施磷量600 mg/kg为广西莪术苗期生长发育的最优添加量。To investigate the effects of different phosphorus application rates on development,nutrient accumulation and stress tolerance of Curcuma kwangsiensis S.K.Lee&C.F.Liang(C.kwangsiensis).Five phosphorus application levels were set with annual C.kwangsiensis seedlings as test materials(P_(0):0 mg/kg;P_(1):100 mg/kg;P_(3):0.3 mg/kg;P_(6):600 mg/kg;P_(12):1200 mg/kg),root fertilization was applied.The effects of each treatment on plant height,stem diameter,tillering number,chlorophyll content,dry matter accumulation and other physiological indicators were measured.The results showed that plant height,stem diameter and tiller number of C.kwangsiensis reached the maximum value in P 12 treatment.The biological distribution of C.kwangsiensis reached the maximum weight at P 6 and the fresh weight and dry weight of each part decreased with the increase of the concentration.The chlorophyll content of C.kwangsiensis leaves reached the maximum value in P 1 treatment,and the chlorophyll content decreased with phosphorus application increasing.The antioxidant enzymes of C.kwangsiensis increased with the increasing of phosphorus application,and the resistance of C.kwangsiensis was positively correlated with phosphorus application in the range of 100-1200 mg/kg,and the application of phosphorus fertilizer has significant effects on the growth of C.kwangsiensis.The effects of different application of phosphorus fertilizer on the morphological and physiological indexes of C.kwangsiensis were also different.The 300-600 mg/kg concentration of phosphorus fertilizer significantly promoted the growth and biomass of C.kwangsiensis,and all the indexes were good.However,when the concentration reached 1200 mg/kg,the biomass and chlorophyll contents of C.kwangsiensis gradually decreased,which restricted the growth and material accumulation of C.kwangsiensis.For this study,600 mg/kg phosphorus application was the optimal addition amount for the growth and development of C.kwangsiensis at the seedling stage.

关 键 词：广西莪术 磷 苗期 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]