湘南典型植烟土壤主要养分丰缺评价及其与pH值的关系研究  

Evaluation of Major Nutrient Status and Its Relationship with pH in Typical Tobacco-Growing Soils of Southern Hu'nan Province

作　　者：贺佐胜 张莉[2] 钱建财 范光奖 周富强 李虎 范幸龙[2] 李强[1] HE Zuosheng;ZHANG Li;QIAN Jiancai;FAN Guangjiang;ZHOU Fuqiang;LI Hu;FAN Xinglong;LI Qiang(College of Agronomy,Hu'nan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;China Tobacco Jiangsu Industrial Co.,LTD.,Nanjing 210019,China;Chenzhou Tobacco Company,Hu'nan Province,Chenzhou Hu'nan 423000,China;Yongzhou Tobacco Company of Hu'nan Province,Yongzhou Hu'nan 425000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]江苏中烟工业有限责任公司,南京210019 [3]湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司,湖南郴州423000 [4]湖南省烟草公司永州市公司,湖南永州425000

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2025年第2期24-30,共7页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：江苏中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(H202226)。

摘　　要：为探究湘南典型植烟区土壤主要养分与土壤酸碱度和有机质的关系,以云烟87为试验品种,在湘南郴州市桂阳和永州市蓝山、宁远三个主要植烟区采集833个烟田耕层(0~20 cm)土样,测定其pH值、有机质含量和大量元素含量,并进行统计分析。结果表明,土壤pH平均值为7.23,22.21%的样品处于适宜范围,pH值低于5.5的样品比例为5.52%,pH值高于7.0的样品比例为72.27%。有机质均值为45.55 g/kg,18.85%的样品在适宜范围,低于25 g/kg的占3.96%,高于35 g/kg的占77.19%。全氮均值为2.56 g/kg,碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的均值分别为191.31、38.35、207.91 mg/kg,总体偏高。各养分含量的变异系数在10.94%~42.85%之间,均属于中等程度变异。植烟土壤主要养分与pH值之间均存在二次函数关系,随pH值升高,有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾和全氮先增加后减少。整体来看,湘南植烟土壤养分含量丰富,但存在分布不均的现象,在生产措施上应采取“控氮、适磷、增钾”的施肥原则,并实施差异化管理。To study the relationships between major soil nutrients,soil acidity and organic matter in typical tobacco-growing areas of southern Hu'nan,this study collected 833 soil samples(0-20 cm)from three main tobacco-growing areas of Guiyang in Chenzhou City and Lanshan and Ningyuan in Yongzhou City,in Hu'nan Province.The soil pH,organic matter content and major element contents were determined,and statistical analysis was conducted.The results showed that the average soil pH was 7.23,with 22.21%of the samples being in the suitable range,5.52%of the samples being below pH 5.5,and 72.27%of the samples being above pH 7.0.The average organic matter content was 45.55 g/kg,with 18.85%of the samples being in the suitable range,3.96%of the samples being below 25 g/kg,and 77.19%of the samples being above 35 g/kg.The average total nitrogen content was 2.56 g/kg,the average alkali-soluble nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium contents were 191.31 mg/kg,38.35 mg/kg and 207.91 mg/kg,respectively,and overall they were generally high.The coefficient of variation of each nutrient content was between 10.94%and 42.85%,which was considered to be of medium degree of variation.There was a quadratic function relationship between the main soil nutrients and pH,and the organic matter,alkali-soluble nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and total nitrogen content all increased first and then decreased as pH increased.Overall,the soil nutrient content in tobacco-growing areas of southern Hu'nan was rich,but there were uneven distribution problems.In production measures,the'control nitrogen,appropriate phosphorus,increase potassium'fertilization principle should be adopted and differential management should be implemented.

关 键 词：植烟土壤 土壤养分 PH值 有机质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]