镉胁迫对田七叶土壤酶及细菌多样性的影响  

Effects of Cadmium Stress on Soil Enzyme and Bacterial Diversity of Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L.F.

作　　者：高家丽 魏升华 项文溪 张应鸿 杨涛 贾青 安江勇 GAO Jiali;WEI Shenghua;XIANG Wenxi;ZHANG Yinghong;YANG Tao;JIA Qing;AN Jiangyong(College of Pharmaey,Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学药学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2025年第2期53-61,共9页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划农业领域重点项目([2022]重点019-4号);贵州省中药材现代产业技术体系建设(GZYCCYJSTX-02)。

摘　　要：为了探究镉(Cd)胁迫对田七叶土壤酶活性和细菌多样性的影响,以田七叶(Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L.F.)为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,设置不同浓度梯度的Cd溶液进行重金属胁迫。结果表明,田七叶的土壤酶活性随Cd浓度的增加呈不同程度的降低。其中,酸性磷酸酶(S-ACP)、脲酶(UE)和蔗糖酶(S-SC)的活性均在T_(5)处理下达到最大,且随浓度的增加逐渐降低;而过氧化氢酶(S-CAT)活性随浓度的增加显著高于ck处理并在T_(10)处理下最高,增幅为36.87%。与ck相比,T_(5)~T_(15)的ACE指数呈先增后降的趋势,总体均高于ck处理;T_(5)~T_(15)的Chao指数和Shannon指数分别提高31.08%~50.54%和11.26%~12.80%;门水平上排名前4的细菌(变形菌门、放线菌门、绿湾菌门和酸杆菌门)相对丰度为8.12%~33.34%,大小表现为T_(10)>T_(15)>ck>T_(5),较ck处理,T_(5)和T_(10)处理显著增加了变形菌门相对丰度,降低了放线菌门相对丰度;相关性分析表明,S-CAT活性与Chao指数、Shannon指数、NMDS1指数和NMDS2指数均呈极显著相关,S-ACP、UE及S-SC与NMDS1呈负相关关系。综上可知,随着Cd浓度的增加,T_(5)处理下的各土壤酶活性开始下降,当Cd浓度超过5 mg/kg时,可能对植株造成不利影响;同时T_(5)处理下,放线菌门、绿湾菌门等有益微生物群落相对丰度随Cd浓度的增加逐渐降低,而变形菌门等有害微生物群落相对丰度随Cd浓度的增加逐渐增加,也可能对田七叶产生影响。In order to explore the effects of Cd stress on soil enzyme activity and bacterial diversity,Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L.F.was used as experimental material,and pot experiment was carried out to set up different concentration gradients of Cd solution for heavy metal stress.The results showed that the soil enzyme activity decreased with the increase of Cd concentration.Among them,S-ACP,UE and S-SC all reached the maximum under T_(5)treatment,and then gradually decreased with the increase of concentration,and the activity of S-CAT was significantly higher than that of ck treatment group with the increase of concentration and the highest under T_(10)treatment,with an increase of 36.87%.Compared with ck,the ACE index of T_(5)-T_(15)showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,which was higher than that of ck treatment group.Chao index and Shannon index of T_(5)-T_(15)increased by 31.08%-50.54%and 11.26%-12.80%,respectively.The relative abundance of the top 4 bacteria(Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Green Bay bacteria and Acidobacteria)at the level of phylum was 8.12%-33.34%,and the size was T_(10)>T_(15)>ck>T_(5).Compared with ck treatment,T_(5)and T_(10)treatments significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and decreased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria.Correlation analysis showed that catalase activity was significantly correlated with Chao index,Shannon index,NMDS1 index and NMDS2 index,and acid phosphatase,urease and sucrase were negatively correlated with NMDS1.In summary,with the increase of Cd concentration,the soil enzyme activities at T_(5)began to decrease,and when it exceeded 5 mg/kg,it may have adverse effects on plants.At the same time,under T_(5)treatment,the relative abundance of beneficial microbial communities such as Actinobacteria and Green Bay bacteria gradually decreased with the increase of Cd concentration,while the relative abundance of harmful microbial communities such as Proteobacteria gradually increased with the increase of Cd concentration,which ma

关 键 词：田七叶 重金属胁迫 CD 土壤酶 土壤微生物群落 

分 类 号：S332[农业科学—作物遗传育种]